[magnusp]

Fixes #213

What

LibsqlUrlParser.parse was a 98-line method doing prefix stripping, URI
construction, credential resolution, TLS override, encoding validation,
timeout resolution, and endpoint rebuilding. The precedence rules were
invisible.

It is now a 16-line orchestrator (12 statements) over six named steps:

Step	Concern
normalizeUri	strip jdbc:libsql: / jdbc:sqlite:, default the scheme, build the URI
resolveAuthToken	query authToken → query jwt → Properties.authToken → Properties.password
resolveScheme	tls / ssl upgrade only, http→https, ws→wss
resolveEncoding	alias/case handling for json / protobuf / proto, ws-only check
resolveDuration	query beats Properties beats default, for both timeouts
buildEndpoint	scheme + host, port only when positive, null path as empty

LibsqlDriver.connect is untouched. The optional client-construction seam
there is eight lines of codec selection, not the clean three-line seam the
issue asked for.

Behavior preserved

No precedence rule, message, or exception type changed. In particular:

• query parameters beat Properties; jwt aliases authToken; password is last resort
• tls/ssl only upgrade, and the upgrade still runs before the encoding check, so ws + TLS + protobuf stays legal
• unknown encodings still throw SQLException with the same message
• a null path is empty, and the port is kept only when positive
• the socketTimeout guard from socketTimeout alone in a JDBC URL throws NumberFormatException #196 is unchanged (query connectTimeout only)

Tests and pom.xml are untouched.

Probe (run, failed, reverted)

Reordered the steps so the TLS upgrade ran after the encoding check and the
endpoint was rebuilt from the pre-upgrade scheme:

[ERROR] Tests run: 13, Failures: 1, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
[ERROR] LibsqlUrlParserTest.testTlsUpgradesWebSocketToSecureWebSocket
expected: "wss://localhost:8080"
 but was: "ws://localhost:8080"

Command: ./mvnw -pl libsql-jdbc -am -Dtest=LibsqlUrlParserTest -Dsurefire.failIfNoSpecifiedTests=false test. File restored, re-run green.

Line counts

• parse: 98 lines on main → 16 lines (signature + 12 statements + brace)
• LibsqlUrlParser.java: 142 → 146 lines, 63 insertions / 59 deletions

Lanes

• unit — ./mvnw test — BUILD SUCCESS; libsql-jdbc 398 tests, libsql-hrana-codec 35, 0 failures, 0 errors.
• spotless — ./mvnw spotless:check — BUILD SUCCESS.
• conformance — ./mvnw -pl libsql-conformance -am verify — BUILD SUCCESS; 272 tests, 0 failures, 0 errors, 7 skipped (pinned sqld image).