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test: add LMI cloud lifecycle regressions - #743

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@zhongkechen zhongkechen commented Sep 23, 2026 •

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Adds real-LMI regression coverage for invocation deadlines, branch cleanup, and abandoned-child operations in #741. A persistent deployment runs 28 Python 3.14 cloud cases using two shared functions with native environment concurrency 1 and 2, one execution environment each, and a common 60-second invocation timeout.

Closes #742. This test PR does not fix or close #741. Its regression assertions remain ordinary failures until the SDK/runtime behavior satisfies them; no assertion is weakened, skipped within a requested cloud run, or converted to xfail.

  • Build the SDK from the checkout, then create or update the persistent python-lmi-e2e stack/bucket and fixed-name python-lmi-e2e-c1 / python-lmi-e2e-c2 functions. Verify ownership, artifact identity, native concurrency, durability, scaling, and $LATEST.PUBLISHED; wait for prior executions before updating. Failed stacks remain available for diagnosis, and cleanup retains functions, bucket, and content-addressed code.
  • Run the non-cloud harness automatically on PR updates and main pushes. Run the cloud regressions only through explicit workflow_dispatch until the [Bug]: Missing invocation deadlines and unbounded branch cleanup can pin LMI workers #741 contract is met, so known failures do not block every unrelated PR/main build. Keep one repository-wide cloud concurrency slot through deployment, tests, evidence collection, and cleanup. Artifact actions are pinned to the immutable v7.0.2 revision used on current main.
  • Exercise real checkpointed success/failure, callbacks, retries, waits, nested map/parallel work, same-environment process overlap, warm cleanup, finally-before-PENDING, independent decorated roots, in-flight return/failure cleanup, deadline recovery, and late child operations. Per-case control objects and request/process/environment identities prevent missing setup, emergency release, or unrelated worker placement from satisfying an assertion.
  • Invalidate the previous local run manifest before fallible build/deployment preflight, clear old reports and run metadata, and preserve build.json for artifact verification. A failed preflight cannot make an exit trap collect/release/stop the preceding run. Archive prior evidence before starting another run in the same checkout.
  • After assertions, release only that case's controls, stop its unfinished logical executions, and observe wrapper exit before reusing a shared function. These cleanup actions cannot satisfy the regression assertions. The 150-second fault escape is separate from the five-second cleanup/recovery acceptance criterion.

Current head 1fd8900c also includes upstream main 04daf408. The incoming change touches only the standalone MicroVM worker and its tests; LMI/core/OTel source trees remain unchanged. That worker tree is identical in both refreshed Python PRs and passed 261 tests, type checking (13 files), and formatting/lint. Current-head CI is tracked separately.

Validation of the unchanged LMI implementation at ab723eff:

  • 103 harness tests pass on Python 3.14, including negative controls for early build/preflight failures, preservation of the build manifest, manifest-first invalidation, and symlink non-traversal. Existing lifecycle, evidence, persistence, ownership, and cleanup controls remain intact.
  • Ruff checks/formatting, all 28 cloud cases collected, examples-workspace initialization, SDK wheel/function bundle build, source-byte verification, commit lint, and git diff --check pass. Actionlint 1.7.12 passes with only its pre-existing unsupported queue key diagnostic excluded.
  • The five unchanged local [Bug]: Missing invocation deadlines and unbounded branch cleanup can pin LMI workers #741 regressions remain failing on current main: expired invocation admission, parallel/map/nested non-cooperative cleanup, and late orphan admission. Composing those same tests with the core from related PR fix: enforce cooperative invocation deadlines #783 (5141c9c) yields 2 passes / 3 failures: expired admission and late orphan rejection pass; non-cooperative worker reclamation remains unresolved.
  • Historical persistent-deployment run 35925623742, at 7bd33b1, completed deployment/readback, collection, and cleanup. It recorded 16 cloud passes / 12 failures: 11 [Bug]: Missing invocation deadlines and unbounded branch cleanup can pin LMI workers #741 assertions and one concurrency-2 recovery placement failure after probes reached a replacement/unrelated environment. That historical run is not acceptance of the updated head.
  • No new cloud deployment or LMI acceptance run was performed for this upstream/review update. The five-second cleanup/recovery bound remains a proposed test criterion to agree with [Bug]: Missing invocation deadlines and unbounded branch cleanup can pin LMI workers #741, not an SDK guarantee.

Add opt-in cloud deployment and lifecycle coverage for Python LMI.
Assert invocation deadlines, early branch cleanup, replay, and worker
recovery; keep issue 741 regressions red until the SDK fix.
The root only coordinates workspace packages. Disable its implicit
editable install so the LMI test directory does not trigger setuptools'
multiple top-level package discovery error when starting examples.

Exercise examples environment initialization in the unprivileged LMI
harness job and verify that it imports the checked-out SDK.
Run the complete cloud matrix on every trusted PR update, including
drafts, and every main push without labels or path filters. Preserve
existing cloud credential restrictions for forks and Dependabot.

Use run-owned resources without a cross-run concurrency group so newer
commits cannot replace another commit's pending cloud job.
Initialize explicit hold/release objects before invoking fixtures and
report missing or forbidden controls as infrastructure failures. Signal
the winner only after the losing step has entered held I/O, and reject
cleanup assertions when that loser exited before the winner was ready.

Poll events by case with bounded parallel reads, correlate checkpoint
holds to their request, and check stale effects before waiting for a
retry on a potentially pinned worker. Cover the observed false positives
and full fixture handshakes with regression tests.
Keep LMI on Python 3.14 with environment concurrency one and two.
Exercise root finally before PENDING, bounded nested progress, concurrent
shared-handler invocations, in-flight return/failure cleanup, and late
operations from abandoned children using Python public APIs.

Document the Java/Python mapping and preserve the newly exposed late-step
scope defect as an explicit issue 741 regression.
Collect each case's own executions during teardown and leave full-run
history/log collection to the final workflow step. Pace history reads
and bound throttle-only retries, including reads through the public
cloud runner, without retrying invocation or callback writes.

Cover pagination, throttling exhaustion, permission errors, and scoped
versus full-run collection with focused tests.
Checkpoint a victim's placement decision before starting fault work.
If a runtime environment rotates between anchor and victim admission,
replace the pair with a bounded retry. Never retry an admitted lifecycle
assertion. Keep the admission decision stable during replay.
Hold a repository-wide concurrency slot through deployment, testing,
and cleanup without increasing shared provider capacity. Retain up to
100 pending cloud jobs with queue: max instead of evicting older jobs.

Keep the harness parallel and document the queue and repository scope.
Deploy one function per native concurrency setting and reuse it for
ordinary and deadline scenarios. Run all 28 cases in one cloud job
without changing provider capacity or losing regression assertions.

Release controls, stop remaining executions, and observe wrapper exit
before reusing each function. Extend fault observation for the shared
60-second timeout and retain a bounded emergency release.
Create the persistent stack once and update the same two functions
after previous durable executions finish. Preserve failed stacks,
code artifacts, and infrastructure after every test run.

Isolate controls and events by run ID, expire only run data, and scope
cleanup to the current run without deleting functions or buckets.
Remove the infrastructure janitor and verify create/update behavior.
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Per-test analysis of LMI run 35918433206

Scope: workflow run, attempt 1, PR head f385a1dfb24cdd91a5cbf3e3c00926b7919ce175. Both artifact manifests record the checked-out PR merge commit as ea88d8ee2f99562dd4f6f6dab4075d08270cf7c4. This analysis describes that completed run; it does not establish the results of the subsequent shared-function/persistent-deployment revisions.

Evidence reviewed: job/step results, the two lmi-3.14-c1-35918433206-1 / lmi-3.14-c2-35918433206-1 artifacts (cloud.xml, manifests/configuration, events.json, invocation records, service histories and cleanup reports), the harness JUnit report, and the test/assertion source at the tested revision.

Overall: 28 cloud cases — 16 PASS, 12 assertion FAILURES, 0 ERRORS, 0 SKIPS. All 72 harness tests passed. Both cloud jobs successfully built, deployed/read back their functions, collected final evidence, deleted their temporary resources, and published artifacts. Only the cloud assertion steps failed. The ledgers contain no CONTROL_ERROR or emergency ESCAPE events.

Configuration Cloud result Job
Python 3.14, native environment concurrency 1 8 PASS / 6 FAIL / 0 ERROR / 0 SKIP c1
Python 3.14, native environment concurrency 2 8 PASS / 6 FAIL / 0 ERROR / 0 SKIP c2

Configuration and interpretation

  • c1 / c2 are the maximum concurrent Lambda invocations per execution environment, not SDK branch-thread counts. The concurrency-2 oracle requires live overlap in different Python processes in the same environment, with distinct request IDs and execution ARNs.
  • This revision deployed separate normal and deadline functions for each configuration, with invocation timeouts of 60 s / 10 s, a separate 240 s durable execution timeout, and exactly one execution environment per function. Every invocation used $LATEST.PUBLISHED.
  • The proposed cleanup/recovery acceptance grace is 5 s. Fault I/O had a 75 s emergency escape in this revision. No escape fired. Later driver releases are cleanup actions and cannot make a failed timing assertion pass.
  • The six failing cases in each configuration map to the three problems now recorded in #741: (1) missing invocation-deadline handling, (2) unbounded joining of already-running losing branches, and (3) newly registered operations bypassing orphan rejection after ancestor completion. Problem 3 was newly discovered by this PR's tests and has already been added to [Bug]: Missing invocation deadlines and unbounded branch cleanup can pin LMI workers #741.

Passing cases

Each row passed on both c1 and c2 (eight cases per configuration).

Test Demonstrated behavior and scope
test_checkpoint_replay_callback_and_retry Real wait/resume and callback completion; completed successful/failed step bodies execute once, stored failure meaning and operation identity remain stable, and the configured retry records attempts 1 and 2.
test_actual_environment_process_concurrency c1 establishes the single-worker baseline. c2 establishes overlapping live requests in distinct processes within one environment, rather than merely submitting concurrent requests.
test_warm_success_failure_and_suspension_cleanup Repeated success/failure/replay cycles reuse observed warm processes. The tested wrapper boundaries have no residual invocation-owned SDK threads; thread/FD/RSS observations remain within the fixture's bounded allowances. This is not a claim of zero memory growth or indefinite leak freedom.
test_real_synchronous_checkpoint_settles_before_branch_join A real service-acknowledged checkpoint response is held before delivery to the SDK waiter. The wrapper does not exit prematurely; releasing the response permits settlement and cleanup. This verifies ordering, not deadline-bounded behavior if the response never settles.
test_pending_waits_for_root_finally_and_then_replays Root finally exits before normal PENDING; real replay completes without repeating the completed body. c2 also observes healthy-peer progress while cleanup is held. The early-PENDING defect demonstrated by the Java fixture was not reproduced here.
test_nested_single_lane_pools_progress_for_all_runtime_workers Nested child/map/parallel work progresses under the original single-worker branch-pool settings, with correct per-invocation results and within the 15-second progress budget. Python has no public Java-style shared user-executor injection; this validates the Python counterpart, not an identical shared-fixed-executor topology.
test_root_return_or_failure_settles_inflight_work[return-inflight-SUCCEEDED] With a losing branch deliberately held, the wrapper waits; after explicit release it settles the work and returns the expected success.
test_root_return_or_failure_settles_inflight_work[failure-inflight-FAILED] The same settlement ordering holds on failure, retaining the original expected ValueError and message.

The last two passes do not contradict the bounded-cleanup failures below: they verify that work settles after an explicit release, while the failing early-completion tests require bounded cleanup without that release.

Failing cases

Early completion — parallel, map, and nested (three failures per configuration)

Scenario / expected: Select a winner with first_successful / min_successful through parallel, map, and nested branch pools while the loser is already performing controlled blocking I/O. The wrapper should reclaim invocation-owned work within the five-second acceptance bound, without relying on the driver to release the loser.

Actual: Every case failed at #741: result computed but wrapper pinned by losing branch. The held-loser handshake was established before winner readiness. Final ledgers also contain effects after winner +5 s. Wrappers returned only after the post-assertion release:

Scenario c1: wrapper return after winner c2: wrapper return after winner Effects recorded after winner +5 s (c1 / c2)
parallel 7.108 s 7.709 s 7 / 8
map 7.209 s 7.509 s 7 / 8
nested 6.908 s 7.011 s 6 / 6

These measured delays are terminated by test cleanup; they are not measurements of an infinite production hang. The source-level unbounded wait is the shutdown(wait=True) cleanup path described in #741 problem 2. Canceling queued futures does not stop an already-running branch blocked in user I/O. In affected workloads this can retain runtime capacity and allow unwanted downstream work after the winning result is selected.

test_invocation_deadline_isolation_and_capacity_recovery (one failure per configuration)

Scenario / expected: Hold a step across the actual 10-second Lambda invocation timeout, submit recovery demand around the deadline, and recover all configured worker slots in the original environment within deadline +5 s. c2 first establishes a healthy companion in that environment.

Actual: Both cases reached and failed #741: full original-environment worker capacity did not recover. Service history independently records InvocationCompleted with Sandbox.Timedout / Task timed out after 10.00 seconds for each original request. The external ledger still records the original request's effects well beyond that timeout:

Configuration Fault marker Last observed effect after invocation deadline Effects after deadline +5 s
c1 deadline-baa254d57873 +16.043 s 39
c2 deadline-76b8fd56a328 +16.233 s 40

The original wrappers eventually raised after driver cleanup. Later execution completion cannot satisfy the earlier recovery bound. This directly supports #741 problem 1: a service timeout alone does not stop the LMI Python work or restore full worker capacity.

Scope limit: The c2 companion was released and completed before the deadline; this run establishes that early healthy execution, not continuous healthy-peer progress throughout timeout recovery. The full-capacity assertion still requires both slots, so a probe using only the already-released healthy slot cannot make recovery pass. The test aborts at the recovery assertion; subsequent in-test timing assertions were not reached. The service timeout and continued effects above were checked independently in the retained evidence.

test_service_timeout_retry_does_not_repeat_completed_step (one failure per configuration)

Scenario / expected: After a real invocation timeout, stale-attempt effects must cease within the cleanup bound, and a service retry of the same durable execution must reuse the completed step rather than repeat its body.

Actual: Both fail first at #741: work continued after invocation deadline + cleanup grace. Original-attempt effects continue until +7.549 s (c1) and +8.065 s (c2) after the deadline. In c2 (deadline-158ca58c11ed), a retry of the same execution enters another process in the same environment at deadline +1.078 s, while the original process continues producing effects. This supplies direct evidence of stale-attempt/retry overlap, within #741 problem 1.

Scope limit: The formal retry-wait and completed-step assertions occur after the failing stale-effect assertion and were not executed. Final evidence nevertheless records one success body and one service StepSucceeded for that completed step in each configuration, together with the later retry. That supplementary observation does not turn these cases into passes or establish exactly-once execution for interrupted at-least-once work. No completed-step duplication was observed in these records.

test_abandoned_child_rejects_late_durable_operation (one failure per configuration)

Scenario / expected: After race-parallel has completed, release its losing branch and attempt a new child.step(name="late-work") from that branch's finally. The new operation should raise OrphanedChildException before executing its body or creating a service operation.

Actual: Both fail at #741: abandoned child executed a late user side effect. The ledger records LATE_ATTEMPT, a late-work body, and LATE_ACCEPTED; service history independently confirms admission after ancestor completion:

Configuration / marker race-parallel ContextSucceeded late-work StepStarted and StepSucceeded
c1 — late-operation-10904bc0b80a 21:02:31.849 UTC 21:02:33.321 UTC
c2 — late-operation-c04640fcc324 21:13:27.221 UTC 21:13:28.819 UTC

All times are on 2026-09-23. This reproduces #741 problem 3 on both configurations, extending the earlier concurrency-2 evidence already recorded in that issue. The orphan guard checks the new operation's own ID, but that ID does not inherit the already-completed ancestor's state. This creates a risk of admitting new downstream actions after the enclosing operation has completed, distinct from merely allowing an existing I/O call to continue.

The demonstrated boundary is after ancestor completion. These late bodies execute before their outer wrapper's final return; the records do not establish new work beginning after wrapper return.

What this run establishes, and what remains pending

  • All 12 cloud assertion failures in this run correspond to the three defects now tracked in [Bug]: Missing invocation deadlines and unbounded branch cleanup can pin LMI workers #741. No additional untracked SDK defect is established by this run. They remain ordinary failures, not xfail or expected-success results. Passing cases and supplementary observations do not satisfy the portions of failed cases that were never reached.
  • The earlier run 35904960112 had a c1 capacity-provider provisioning failure; its c1 tests did not execute. That was an infrastructure failure, not an expected SDK regression. In the run analyzed here, both deployments and both cleanups succeeded.
  • The tested revision used temporary normal / deadline deployments with different timeouts. Current head 7bd33b18c5320effbacb86206c8ab12ed9c8ddc3 instead retains two persistent shared functions, runs all 28 cases in one job, uses a common 60-second invocation timeout, isolates data per run, and settles case work before reuse. Those deployment/lifecycle changes are not cloud-validated by the older run above.
  • At the time of posting, the current persistent-deployment run is queued. Current-head local validation has 93 passing harness tests, successful packaging/Ruff, and all 28 cloud cases collected. Cloud validation must still establish first creation, subsequent updates of the same functions, and case/run isolation with the new layout.

The SDK fixes remain in #741; this PR supplies the regressions and stays Draft.

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zhongkechen marked this pull request as ready for review September 25, 2026 15:10
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Comment thread .github/workflows/lmi-e2e-tests.yml
Comment thread .github/workflows/lmi-e2e-tests.yml Outdated
Comment thread lmi_tests/deploy.py
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Keep strict cloud regressions manual while the harness runs on PRs.
Pin artifact uploads to the immutable revision used on current main.
Invalidate old run metadata before build and deployment preflight,
preserving the build manifest and preventing prior-run cleanup.
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Comment thread lmi_tests/cloud.py
Comment on lines +414 to +416
if e["phase"] in {"WRAPPER_RETURN", "WRAPPER_RAISE"}
}
return entered <= exited

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Comment thread lmi_tests/fixture.py
Comment on lines +123 to +126
except (ClientError, ValueError) as error:
# Every key must exist before Invoke. Missing/forbidden objects are
# fixture errors, never an implicit hold or release signal.
self.emit("CONTROL_ERROR", gate=name, error=str(error))

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Comment on lines +157 to +159
def retry_observed():
entries = evidence.select(cloud.for_item(fault), "WRAPPER_ENTER")
return entries if len({e["request"] for e in entries}) >= 2 else None

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Comment thread lmi_tests/cloud.py
Comment on lines +410 to +416
entered = {e["request"] for e in select(events, "WRAPPER_ENTER")}
exited = {
e["request"]
for e in events
if e["phase"] in {"WRAPPER_RETURN", "WRAPPER_RAISE"}
}
return entered <= exited

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Codex AI review · Finding arf_v1_sajbrsyx7vbqbtm6awgqxcckd5

[P2] Accept verified worker retirement as settlement evidence. A worker retired at its deadline cannot emit either wrapper-exit event. Although evidence.deadline() explicitly permits retirement, this condition remains false even after recovery establishes full capacity in the original environment. Teardown then fails permanently, and configuration['pending'] prevents subsequent cases from running. Carry independently verified, request/process-correlated retirement evidence into settlement alongside wrapper exits, while rejecting unproven termination. Add coverage for retirement without a final wrapper diagnostic.

Comment thread lmi_tests/cloud.py
Comment on lines +98 to +103
except Exception as error:
save(
ARTIFACTS / f"invocations/{marker}.json",
{"payload": payload, "error": str(error)},
)
raise CollectionError(f"{marker}: invocation API failed") from error

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Codex AI review · Finding arf_v1_gz6jzhkkxu53lgixrg4alhvbvt

[P2] Track ambiguous invocations before allowing function reuse. If Lambda accepts the invocation but its response is lost, this path saves only the payload and raises before adding anything to self.invocations. Per-case teardown consequently cannot stop or observe that execution; with no other invocations, it skips settlement polling entirely. The next case can reuse a function still occupied by the failed case. Register the marker before invoking, recover its ARN from the ledger during teardown, and block reuse until settlement is established. Add a lost-response teardown test.

Comment thread lmi_tests/fixture.py
Comment on lines +123 to +127
except (ClientError, ValueError) as error:
# Every key must exist before Invoke. Missing/forbidden objects are
# fixture errors, never an implicit hold or release signal.
self.emit("CONTROL_ERROR", gate=name, error=str(error))
raise

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Codex AI review · Finding arf_v1_jmxq2wca7rviv63o7gphmdyk5g

[P2] Classify transport failures as fixture errors. Botocore transport exceptions such as ReadTimeoutError bypass this handler. If one terminates the losing branch after WINNER_READY, the gate records IO_INTERRUPTED and IO_EXIT without CONTROL_ERROR. The existing SDK can then finish joining the failed branch within the grace period, and early_completion() accepts it as reclamation. Catch botocore transport exceptions, record them as infrastructure errors, and add a negative control injecting a transport failure after winner readiness.

Comment on lines +157 to +159
def retry_observed():
entries = evidence.select(cloud.for_item(fault), "WRAPPER_ENTER")
return entries if len({e["request"] for e in entries}) >= 2 else None

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Codex AI review · Finding arf_v1_e5ywr3cj6ap55eketmslbmdrga

[P2] Observe retry progress before checking for duplicate bodies. WRAPPER_ENTER precedes execution of any steps. This predicate can succeed before the second invocation reaches success, so the subsequent body count remains one even if the retry later repeats that step. Teardown can also stop it before duplication occurs. Wait for the second request's BLOCKED or EFFECT event from controlled-io, which follows the completed step, before checking the count. Add a negative control delaying retry progress after wrapper entry.

Comment on lines +114 to +116
cloud.release(healthy_gate)
cloud.finish(healthy)
evidence.lifecycle(cloud.for_item(healthy))

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Codex AI review · Finding arf_v1_qccfsm2kuodjvzkpbn7upriark

[P2] Keep a healthy peer active across the fault deadline. The healthy invocation is released and completed before the driver waits for the fault's deadline. This establishes ordinary overlap but cannot detect deadline cleanup that interrupts unrelated active work. Recovery probes need not start before that boundary either. Start the healthy peer sufficiently late to retain its own timeout budget, hold it across the fault deadline, and require continued progress from the same request/process before releasing it. Include a negative control where deadline handling interrupts the peer.

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Codex AI review

Five findings: cleanup gaps at lmi_tests/cloud.py:98 and lmi_tests/cloud.py:416; regression-evidence gaps at lmi_tests/fixture.py:123, lmi_tests/tests/e2e/test_lifecycle.py:114, and lmi_tests/tests/e2e/test_lifecycle.py:158. Static review only; tests were not executed.

Reviewed commit 1fd8900c6d9c7fb9d44331d022ec44b6229fbc9a. Workflow run

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ai-pr-review-runtime — 1fd8900c Deployed Oct 16, 2026 by zhongkechen via ai-pr-review / Codex review / Generate Codex review #1844
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