chore: align ruff and mypy with the pre-commit hooks; group them in Renovate

[allen0099]

No issue: this is maintenance, a follow-up to #453.

Summary

#453 moved the ruff and mypy pre-commit hooks to v0.17.0 and v2.4.0. uv.lock, which CI lints with, stayed on ruff 0.16.9 and mypy 2.3.1. As a result, pre-commit run --all-files failed on master while CI stayed green.

Align the versions

• Lock ruff 0.17.0 and mypy 2.4.0, and raise the dev floors in pyproject.toml to match (ruff>=0.17.0, mypy>=2.4.0).
• Bring the mypy hook's additional_dependencies floors in line with pyproject.toml (fastapi>=0.128.2, pydantic>=2.7.0, pytest>=8.3.5, pytest-asyncio>=0.26.0). Drop starlette, which fastapi brings in.

Fix what the new versions report

• import datetime as dt in scripts/changelog_release.py and tests/test_changelog_release.py, for ruff 0.17's unconventional-import-alias.
• Replace four # type: ignore[union-attr] on TestClient.portal with assert ... is not None. portal is Optional in starlette 1.7's stubs (locked) but not in the newer starlette the hook installs. So the ignore was required in one environment and flagged as unused in the other; the assert passes in both.

Renovate: one PR per tool
New packageRules, placed after the manager groups so their groupName wins:

Group	Packages	rangeStrategy
ruff	ruff (pyproject/uv.lock) and astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit	bump
mypy	mypy and pre-commit/mirrors-mypy	bump
uv	uv_build (build backend) and astral-sh/uv-pre-commit	default

bump raises the pyproject floor to the new release, so the grouped PR relocks to the same version the hook moves to. The config passes renovate-config-validator --strict.

Checklist

• The issue above is assigned to me: no issue, maintenance only
• Tests under tests/ cover the change: the touched Redis tests pass against a live Redis (88 passed)
• A changelog fragment: not needed, nothing under fastapi_cachex/ changes
• uv run pre-commit run --all-files passes again. uv run pytest passes (1202 passed, 192 skipped), and so do CI's lint commands (ruff, ruff format, mypy strict, mypy tests, mypy scripts).

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