diff --git a/docs/release_notes.rst b/docs/release_notes.rst index 58bcb3f0..272cf925 100644 --- a/docs/release_notes.rst +++ b/docs/release_notes.rst @@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ Upcoming Release * Correct the nuclear fuel price (``nuclear``, ``uranium``) using Lazard's LCOE+ assumption (https://github.com/PyPSA/technology-data/pull/291) +* Fix bug preventing add_energy_storage_database to run through (https://github.com/PyPSA/technology-data/pull/286). + `v0.15.0 `__ (9th June 2026) ================================================================================================ diff --git a/outputs/US/costs_2020.csv b/outputs/US/costs_2020.csv index eb62a400..7cc2064e 100644 --- a/outputs/US/costs_2020.csv +++ b/outputs/US/costs_2020.csv @@ -726,24 +726,24 @@ Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,2197.3314,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,2197.4333,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2020.0,R&D,Advanced Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,2197.4333,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2020.0,R&D,Conservative Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,2197.4333,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2020.0,R&D,Moderate -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,efficiency,0.7211,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.52^0.5']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,investment,1189666.0381,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Turbine Compressor BOP EPC Management']}",2025.0,, -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB 4.5.2.1 Fixed O&M p.62 (p.84)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,investment,6850.9515,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0,, -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, Concrete-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Concrete-charger,investment,236402.053,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Concrete-discharger,efficiency,0.4343,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Concrete-discharger,investment,945608.2119,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Concrete-store,FOM,0.3231,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Concrete-store,investment,37006.5997,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, "Container feeder, ammonia",efficiency,0.7754,MWh/km,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0,, "Container feeder, ammonia",investment,52757073.9,EUR,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2025.0,, "Container feeder, ammonia",lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0,, @@ -940,21 +940,21 @@ Geothermal - NF EGS / Flash,investment,24658.2225,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.o Gravity-Brick-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Brick-bicharger,efficiency,0.9274,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.86^0.5']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Brick-bicharger,investment,522511.1911,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Brick-store,investment,235531.201,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,investment,459720.1467,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,investment,181953.2473,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,investment,1138087.6802,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-store,investment,143194.7276,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, H2 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,1.7,%/year,"Guidehouse 2020: European Hydrogen Backbone report, https://guidehouse.com/-/media/www/site/downloads/energy/2020/gh_european-hydrogen-backbone_report.pdf (table 3, table 5)","Pessimistic (highest) value chosen for 48'' pipeline w/ 13GW_H2 LHV @ 100bar pressure. Currency year: Not clearly specified, assuming year of publication. Forecast year: Not clearly specified, guessing based on text remarks.",2020.0,, H2 (g) fill compressor station,investment,5981.7263,EUR/MW_H2,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 164, Figure 14 (Fill compressor).","Assumption for staging 35→140bar, 6000 MW_HHV single line pipeline. Considering HHV/LHV ration for H2.",2025.0,, H2 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 168, Figure 24 (Fill compressor).",,2015.0,, @@ -1069,17 +1069,17 @@ Haber-Bosch,hydrogen-input,1.1484,MWh_H2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low car Haber-Bosch,investment,2253.3123,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0,, Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime,2015.0,, Haber-Bosch,nitrogen-input,0.1597,t_N2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.",".33 MWh electricity are required for ASU per t_NH3, considering 0.4 MWh are required per t_N2 and LHV of NH3 of 5.1666 Mwh.",,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,236252.5505,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.4444,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,945010.202,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,141525.5947,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),FOM,1.1,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),efficiency,0.48,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),investment,69153.4031,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2025.0,, @@ -1088,17 +1088,17 @@ Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),FOM,10.1,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),efficiency,0.56,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),investment,190579.2348,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2025.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0,, -Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.46,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.46,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-charger,efficiency,0.6963,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-charger,investment,1640004.9037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2025.0,, -Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.4801,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.4801,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-discharger,efficiency,0.4869,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-discharger,investment,1591578.5566,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2025.0,, -Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB =(C38+C39)*0.43/4","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-store,investment,6010.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0,, -Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Hydropower - NPD 2,CF,0.4142,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2020.0,Market,Advanced Hydropower - NPD 2,CF,0.4142,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2020.0,Market,Conservative Hydropower - NPD 2,CF,0.4142,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2020.0,Market,Moderate @@ -1651,10 +1651,10 @@ Large DW - Class 9,investment,2803.1503,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/ Lead-Acid-bicharger,FOM,2.4064,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-bicharger,efficiency,0.8832,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.78^0.5']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-bicharger,investment,188262.2523,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-store,FOM,0.2386,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-store,investment,459291.5729,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),FOM,1.6,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),efficiency,0.215,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),investment,29624.0605,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2025.0,, @@ -1663,42 +1663,42 @@ Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),FOM,18.0,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Th Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),efficiency,0.373,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),investment,125446.7878,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2025.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-charger,investment,633273.8459,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-discharger,efficiency,0.55,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.545 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,444639.0833,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,444639.0833,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, +Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-store,FOM,0.328,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-store,investment,234806.1139,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Liquid Air SB and BOS']}",2025.0,, -Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,FOM,2.0701,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,investment,120181.3115,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,FOM,0.0447,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,investment,409502.2614,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,FOM,2.0701,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,investment,120181.3115,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,FOM,0.0379,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,investment,467869.278,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,187813.7448,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.5394,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,751254.9792,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,87286.4662,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, MeOH transport ship,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0,, MeOH transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_MeOH,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0,, MeOH transport ship,investment,44006711.0399,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2025.0,, @@ -2014,10 +2014,10 @@ NH3 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guess estimated based on H2 (l) tank Ni-Zn-bicharger,FOM,2.0701,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-bicharger,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['((0.75-0.87)/2)^0.5 mean value of range efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-bicharger,investment,120181.3115,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) same as Li-LFP","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-store,FOM,0.2238,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-store,investment,433564.6866,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Nuclear - Small,CF,0.937,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2020.0,Market,Moderate Nuclear - Small,CF,0.937,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2020.0,R&D,Moderate Nuclear - Small,FOM,1.43,%/year,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2020.0,Market,Moderate @@ -2745,24 +2745,24 @@ Pumped Storage Hydropower - National Class 9,investment,4615.8158,USD/kW,NREL/AT Pumped Storage Hydropower - National Class 9,investment,4615.8158,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2020.0,R&D,Advanced Pumped Storage Hydropower - National Class 9,investment,4615.8158,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2020.0,R&D,Conservative Pumped Storage Hydropower - National Class 9,investment,4615.8158,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2020.0,R&D,Moderate -Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-charger,investment,1014906.975,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-discharger,efficiency,0.63,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.62 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,712594.2591,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,712594.2591,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, +Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-store,FOM,0.0615,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.103 (p.125)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-store,investment,39346.812,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.92 (p.114)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Molten Salt based SB and BOS']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,efficiency,0.8944,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8^0.5']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,investment,1756657.9565,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Powerhouse Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,investment,71761.1936,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Reservoir Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Residential Battery Storage - 5 kW - 12.5 kWh,CF,0.104,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2020.0,Market,Advanced Residential Battery Storage - 5 kW - 12.5 kWh,CF,0.104,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2020.0,Market,Conservative Residential Battery Storage - 5 kW - 12.5 kWh,CF,0.104,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2020.0,Market,Moderate @@ -3182,17 +3182,17 @@ SOEC,investment,2853.3765,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct. SOEC,investment,2853.3765,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Advanced SOEC,investment,2853.3765,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,,,, -Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Sand-charger,investment,191900.1461,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Sand-discharger,efficiency,0.53,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Sand-discharger,investment,767600.5844,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Sand-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Sand-store,investment,10077.2151,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.100 (p.122)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0,, Steam methane reforming,investment,627941.6326,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR.,2025.0,, Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0,, @@ -3461,31 +3461,31 @@ Utility-Scale Battery Storage - 8Hr,investment,3948.6026,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https:/ Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.4028,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8062,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.65^0.5']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,investment,188537.586,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,FOM,0.2335,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,investment,399347.305,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-bicharger,efficiency,0.7937,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.63)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-store,FOM,0.1893,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-store,investment,245053.2635,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.48 (p.70) text below Table 4.12","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.475,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8307,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.69)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,investment,168856.8295,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-store,FOM,0.2849,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-store,investment,599275.7346,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8888,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': [' (0.79)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,FOM,0.2481,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,investment,348122.7696,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M,2015.0,, air separation unit,electricity-input,0.25,MWh_el/t_N2,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), p.288.","For consistency reasons use value from Danish Energy Agency. DEA also reports range of values (0.2-0.4 MWh/t_N2) on pg. 288. Other efficienices reported are even higher, e.g. 0.11 Mwh/t_N2 from Morgan (2013): Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Ammonia Plants Powered by Offshore Wind .",,, air separation unit,investment,1266591.4581,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0,, diff --git a/outputs/US/costs_2025.csv b/outputs/US/costs_2025.csv index e70c734e..ea17f61f 100644 --- a/outputs/US/costs_2025.csv +++ b/outputs/US/costs_2025.csv @@ -762,24 +762,24 @@ Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,1957.0145,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,1821.768,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Advanced Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,1877.4053,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Moderate Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,1957.0145,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Conservative -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,efficiency,0.7211,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.52^0.5']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,investment,1189666.0381,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Turbine Compressor BOP EPC Management']}",2025.0,, -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB 4.5.2.1 Fixed O&M p.62 (p.84)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,investment,6850.9515,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0,, -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, Concrete-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Concrete-charger,investment,208849.9905,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Concrete-discharger,efficiency,0.4343,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Concrete-discharger,investment,835399.9621,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Concrete-store,FOM,0.3269,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Concrete-store,investment,33619.1225,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, "Container feeder, ammonia",efficiency,0.7754,MWh/km,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0,, "Container feeder, ammonia",investment,52757073.9,EUR,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2025.0,, "Container feeder, ammonia",lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0,, @@ -976,21 +976,21 @@ Geothermal - NF EGS / Flash,investment,10216.3713,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.o Gravity-Brick-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Brick-bicharger,efficiency,0.9274,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.86^0.5']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Brick-bicharger,investment,522511.1911,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Brick-store,investment,216706.3462,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,investment,459720.1467,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,investment,167520.0281,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,investment,1138087.6802,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-store,investment,131938.4362,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, H2 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,1.7,%/year,"Guidehouse 2020: European Hydrogen Backbone report, https://guidehouse.com/-/media/www/site/downloads/energy/2020/gh_european-hydrogen-backbone_report.pdf (table 3, table 5)","Pessimistic (highest) value chosen for 48'' pipeline w/ 13GW_H2 LHV @ 100bar pressure. Currency year: Not clearly specified, assuming year of publication. Forecast year: Not clearly specified, guessing based on text remarks.",2020.0,, H2 (g) fill compressor station,investment,5981.7263,EUR/MW_H2,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 164, Figure 14 (Fill compressor).","Assumption for staging 35→140bar, 6000 MW_HHV single line pipeline. Considering HHV/LHV ration for H2.",2025.0,, H2 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 168, Figure 24 (Fill compressor).",,2015.0,, @@ -1105,17 +1105,17 @@ Haber-Bosch,hydrogen-input,1.1484,MWh_H2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low car Haber-Bosch,investment,2048.1505,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0,, Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime,2015.0,, Haber-Bosch,nitrogen-input,0.1597,t_N2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.",".33 MWh electricity are required for ASU per t_NH3, considering 0.4 MWh are required per t_N2 and LHV of NH3 of 5.1666 Mwh.",,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,208775.2393,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.4444,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,835100.9572,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,129925.1361,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),FOM,1.1,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),efficiency,0.48,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),investment,54694.0551,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2025.0,, @@ -1124,17 +1124,17 @@ Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),FOM,12.5,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),efficiency,0.56,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),investment,153760.7057,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2025.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0,, -Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.5473,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.5473,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-charger,efficiency,0.6963,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-charger,investment,1038257.3947,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2025.0,, -Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5307,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5307,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-discharger,efficiency,0.4869,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-discharger,investment,1034058.8665,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2025.0,, -Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB =(C38+C39)*0.43/4","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-store,investment,6010.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0,, -Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Hydropower - NPD 2,CF,0.41,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced Hydropower - NPD 2,CF,0.41,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Moderate Hydropower - NPD 2,CF,0.41,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Conservative @@ -1687,10 +1687,10 @@ Large DW - Class 9,investment,3003.2136,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/ Lead-Acid-bicharger,FOM,2.4245,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-bicharger,efficiency,0.8832,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.78^0.5']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-bicharger,investment,175137.1798,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-store,FOM,0.2464,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-store,investment,431216.2517,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),FOM,1.6,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),efficiency,0.215,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),investment,30564.5468,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2025.0,, @@ -1699,42 +1699,42 @@ Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),FOM,17.5,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Th Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),efficiency,0.373,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),investment,128930.862,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2025.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-charger,investment,615707.3038,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-discharger,efficiency,0.55,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.545 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,432305.1282,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,432305.1282,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, +Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-store,FOM,0.3244,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-store,investment,217364.1572,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Liquid Air SB and BOS']}",2025.0,, -Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,FOM,2.095,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,investment,111360.6648,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,FOM,0.0447,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,investment,353420.141,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,FOM,2.095,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,investment,111360.6648,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,FOM,0.0379,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,investment,403408.7892,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,184555.8364,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.5394,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,738223.3458,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,80131.8379,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, MeOH transport ship,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0,, MeOH transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_MeOH,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0,, MeOH transport ship,investment,44006711.0399,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2025.0,, @@ -2200,10 +2200,10 @@ NH3 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guess estimated based on H2 (l) tank Ni-Zn-bicharger,FOM,2.095,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-bicharger,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['((0.75-0.87)/2)^0.5 mean value of range efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-bicharger,investment,111360.6648,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) same as Li-LFP","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-store,FOM,0.225,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-store,investment,385163.2565,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, OCGT,FOM,1.7784,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M,2015.0,, OCGT,VOM,6.0111,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M,2025.0,, OCGT,discount rate,0.0536,per unit,"NREL, NREL ATB 2024",Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced @@ -2867,24 +2867,24 @@ Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3723.1 Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3647.8863,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Advanced Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3723.1005,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Moderate Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3723.1005,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Conservative -Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-charger,investment,986361.344,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-discharger,efficiency,0.63,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.62 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,692551.5819,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,692551.5819,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, +Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-store,FOM,0.1071,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.103 (p.125)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-store,investment,26932.4992,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.92 (p.114)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Molten Salt based SB and BOS']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,efficiency,0.8944,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8^0.5']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,investment,1756657.9565,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Powerhouse Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,investment,71761.1936,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Reservoir Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Residential Battery Storage - 5 kW - 12.5 kWh,FOM,2.41,%/year,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced Residential Battery Storage - 5 kW - 12.5 kWh,FOM,2.41,%/year,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Moderate Residential Battery Storage - 5 kW - 12.5 kWh,FOM,2.41,%/year,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Conservative @@ -3292,17 +3292,17 @@ SOEC,investment,2783.4145,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct. SOEC,investment,2534.2418,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Advanced SOEC,investment,2534.2418,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,,,, -Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Sand-charger,investment,186599.0371,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Sand-discharger,efficiency,0.53,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Sand-discharger,investment,746396.1484,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Sand-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Sand-store,investment,9251.2139,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.100 (p.122)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0,, Steam methane reforming,investment,627941.6326,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR.,2025.0,, Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0,, @@ -3541,31 +3541,31 @@ Utility-Scale Battery Storage - 8Hr,investment,4120.2073,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https:/ Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.4212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8062,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.65^0.5']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,investment,175381.3672,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,FOM,0.234,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,investment,361915.6199,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-bicharger,efficiency,0.7937,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.63)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-store,FOM,0.1773,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-store,investment,232158.6741,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.48 (p.70) text below Table 4.12","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.2974,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8307,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.69)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,investment,135698.4238,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-store,FOM,0.2713,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-store,investment,558841.5412,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8888,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': [' (0.79)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,FOM,0.2362,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,investment,324451.5425,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M,2015.0,, air separation unit,electricity-input,0.25,MWh_el/t_N2,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), p.288.","For consistency reasons use value from Danish Energy Agency. DEA also reports range of values (0.2-0.4 MWh/t_N2) on pg. 288. Other efficienices reported are even higher, e.g. 0.11 Mwh/t_N2 from Morgan (2013): Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Ammonia Plants Powered by Offshore Wind .",,, air separation unit,investment,1151269.6095,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0,, diff --git a/outputs/US/costs_2030.csv b/outputs/US/costs_2030.csv index 11c9458d..8a8637f6 100644 --- a/outputs/US/costs_2030.csv +++ b/outputs/US/costs_2030.csv @@ -762,24 +762,24 @@ Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,1884.3208,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,1410.958,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Advanced Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,1605.6886,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Moderate Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,1884.3208,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Conservative -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,efficiency,0.7211,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.52^0.5']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,investment,1189666.0381,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Turbine Compressor BOP EPC Management']}",2025.0,, -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB 4.5.2.1 Fixed O&M p.62 (p.84)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,investment,6850.9515,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0,, -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, Concrete-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Concrete-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Concrete-discharger,efficiency,0.4343,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Concrete-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Concrete-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Concrete-store,investment,30231.6454,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, "Container feeder, ammonia",efficiency,0.7754,MWh/km,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0,, "Container feeder, ammonia",investment,48360651.075,EUR,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2025.0,, "Container feeder, ammonia",lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0,, @@ -976,21 +976,21 @@ Geothermal - NF EGS / Flash,investment,9967.3712,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.op Gravity-Brick-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Brick-bicharger,efficiency,0.9274,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.86^0.5']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Brick-bicharger,investment,522511.1911,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Brick-store,investment,197881.4914,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,investment,459720.1467,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,investment,153086.8088,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,investment,1138087.6802,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-store,investment,120682.1448,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, H2 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,1.7,%/year,"Guidehouse 2020: European Hydrogen Backbone report, https://guidehouse.com/-/media/www/site/downloads/energy/2020/gh_european-hydrogen-backbone_report.pdf (table 3, table 5)","Pessimistic (highest) value chosen for 48'' pipeline w/ 13GW_H2 LHV @ 100bar pressure. Currency year: Not clearly specified, assuming year of publication. Forecast year: Not clearly specified, guessing based on text remarks.",2020.0,, H2 (g) fill compressor station,investment,5981.7263,EUR/MW_H2,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 164, Figure 14 (Fill compressor).","Assumption for staging 35→140bar, 6000 MW_HHV single line pipeline. Considering HHV/LHV ration for H2.",2025.0,, H2 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 168, Figure 24 (Fill compressor).",,2015.0,, @@ -1105,17 +1105,17 @@ Haber-Bosch,hydrogen-input,1.1484,MWh_H2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low car Haber-Bosch,investment,1842.9888,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0,, Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime,2015.0,, Haber-Bosch,nitrogen-input,0.1597,t_N2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.",".33 MWh electricity are required for ASU per t_NH3, considering 0.4 MWh are required per t_N2 and LHV of NH3 of 5.1666 Mwh.",,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.4444,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,118324.6775,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),FOM,1.1,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),efficiency,0.48,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),investment,41776.1995,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2025.0,, @@ -1124,17 +1124,17 @@ Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),FOM,13.1,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),efficiency,0.56,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),investment,146475.709,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2025.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0,, -Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-charger,efficiency,0.6963,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-charger,investment,436509.8856,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2025.0,, -Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-discharger,efficiency,0.4869,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-discharger,investment,476539.1764,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2025.0,, -Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB =(C38+C39)*0.43/4","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-store,investment,6010.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0,, -Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Hydropower - NPD 2,CF,0.38,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced Hydropower - NPD 2,CF,0.38,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Moderate Hydropower - NPD 2,CF,0.41,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Conservative @@ -1687,10 +1687,10 @@ Large DW - Class 9,investment,2611.3452,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/ Lead-Acid-bicharger,FOM,2.4427,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-bicharger,efficiency,0.8832,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.78^0.5']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-bicharger,investment,162012.1073,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-store,FOM,0.2542,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-store,investment,403140.9306,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),FOM,1.6,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),efficiency,0.215,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),investment,31432.1077,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2025.0,, @@ -1699,42 +1699,42 @@ Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),FOM,17.1,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Th Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),efficiency,0.373,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),investment,132416.1935,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2025.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-charger,investment,598140.7616,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-discharger,efficiency,0.55,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.545 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,419971.173,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,419971.173,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, +Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-store,FOM,0.3208,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-store,investment,199922.2004,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Liquid Air SB and BOS']}",2025.0,, -Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,FOM,0.0447,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,investment,297338.0207,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,FOM,0.038,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,investment,338948.3003,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.5394,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,72977.2095,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, MeOH transport ship,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0,, MeOH transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_MeOH,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0,, MeOH transport ship,investment,44006711.0399,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2025.0,, @@ -2200,10 +2200,10 @@ NH3 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guess estimated based on H2 (l) tank Ni-Zn-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-bicharger,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['((0.75-0.87)/2)^0.5 mean value of range efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) same as Li-LFP","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-store,FOM,0.2262,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-store,investment,336761.8265,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Nuclear - Small,CF,0.93,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced Nuclear - Small,CF,0.93,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Moderate Nuclear - Small,CF,0.93,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Conservative @@ -3023,24 +3023,24 @@ Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3723.1 Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3535.0651,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Advanced Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3723.1005,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Moderate Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3723.1005,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Conservative -Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-charger,investment,957815.7129,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-discharger,efficiency,0.63,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.62 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,672508.9048,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,672508.9048,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, +Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-store,FOM,0.1528,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.103 (p.125)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-store,investment,14518.1865,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.92 (p.114)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Molten Salt based SB and BOS']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,efficiency,0.8944,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8^0.5']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,investment,1756657.9565,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Powerhouse Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,investment,71761.1936,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Reservoir Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Residential Battery Storage - 5 kW - 12.5 kWh,FOM,2.41,%/year,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced Residential Battery Storage - 5 kW - 12.5 kWh,FOM,2.41,%/year,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Moderate Residential Battery Storage - 5 kW - 12.5 kWh,FOM,2.41,%/year,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Conservative @@ -3448,17 +3448,17 @@ SOEC,investment,2713.4524,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct. SOEC,investment,2215.1071,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Advanced SOEC,investment,2215.1071,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,,,, -Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Sand-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Sand-discharger,efficiency,0.53,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Sand-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Sand-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Sand-store,investment,8425.2126,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.100 (p.122)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0,, Steam methane reforming,investment,627941.6326,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR.,2025.0,, Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0,, @@ -3697,31 +3697,31 @@ Utility-Scale Battery Storage - 8Hr,investment,3332.1524,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https:/ Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8062,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.65^0.5']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,FOM,0.2345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,investment,324483.9347,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-bicharger,efficiency,0.7937,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.63)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-store,FOM,0.1654,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-store,investment,219264.0846,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.48 (p.70) text below Table 4.12","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8307,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.69)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-store,FOM,0.2576,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-store,investment,518407.3478,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8888,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': [' (0.79)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,FOM,0.2244,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,investment,300780.3155,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M,2015.0,, air separation unit,electricity-input,0.25,MWh_el/t_N2,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), p.288.","For consistency reasons use value from Danish Energy Agency. DEA also reports range of values (0.2-0.4 MWh/t_N2) on pg. 288. Other efficienices reported are even higher, e.g. 0.11 Mwh/t_N2 from Morgan (2013): Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Ammonia Plants Powered by Offshore Wind .",,, air separation unit,investment,1035947.761,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0,, diff --git a/outputs/US/costs_2035.csv b/outputs/US/costs_2035.csv index 383c50f6..0490da65 100644 --- a/outputs/US/costs_2035.csv +++ b/outputs/US/costs_2035.csv @@ -762,24 +762,24 @@ Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,1811.627,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei. Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,1000.148,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Advanced Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,1333.9718,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Moderate Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,1811.627,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Conservative -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,efficiency,0.7211,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.52^0.5']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,investment,1189666.0381,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Turbine Compressor BOP EPC Management']}",2025.0,, -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB 4.5.2.1 Fixed O&M p.62 (p.84)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,investment,6850.9515,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0,, -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, Concrete-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Concrete-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Concrete-discharger,efficiency,0.4343,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Concrete-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Concrete-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Concrete-store,investment,30231.6454,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, "Container feeder, ammonia",efficiency,0.7754,MWh/km,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0,, "Container feeder, ammonia",investment,46162439.6625,EUR,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2025.0,, "Container feeder, ammonia",lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0,, @@ -976,21 +976,21 @@ Geothermal - NF EGS / Flash,investment,9724.5342,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.op Gravity-Brick-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Brick-bicharger,efficiency,0.9274,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.86^0.5']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Brick-bicharger,investment,522511.1911,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Brick-store,investment,197881.4914,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,investment,459720.1467,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,investment,153086.8088,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,investment,1138087.6802,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-store,investment,120682.1448,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, H2 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,1.7,%/year,"Guidehouse 2020: European Hydrogen Backbone report, https://guidehouse.com/-/media/www/site/downloads/energy/2020/gh_european-hydrogen-backbone_report.pdf (table 3, table 5)","Pessimistic (highest) value chosen for 48'' pipeline w/ 13GW_H2 LHV @ 100bar pressure. Currency year: Not clearly specified, assuming year of publication. Forecast year: Not clearly specified, guessing based on text remarks.",2020.0,, H2 (g) fill compressor station,investment,5981.7263,EUR/MW_H2,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 164, Figure 14 (Fill compressor).","Assumption for staging 35→140bar, 6000 MW_HHV single line pipeline. Considering HHV/LHV ration for H2.",2025.0,, H2 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 168, Figure 24 (Fill compressor).",,2015.0,, @@ -1105,17 +1105,17 @@ Haber-Bosch,hydrogen-input,1.1484,MWh_H2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low car Haber-Bosch,investment,1675.1865,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0,, Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime,2015.0,, Haber-Bosch,nitrogen-input,0.1597,t_N2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.",".33 MWh electricity are required for ASU per t_NH3, considering 0.4 MWh are required per t_N2 and LHV of NH3 of 5.1666 Mwh.",,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.4444,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,118324.6775,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),FOM,1.1,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),efficiency,0.48,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),investment,38625.3189,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2025.0,, @@ -1124,17 +1124,17 @@ Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),FOM,13.0,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),efficiency,0.56,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),investment,147862.5491,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2025.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0,, -Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-charger,efficiency,0.6963,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-charger,investment,436509.8856,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2025.0,, -Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-discharger,efficiency,0.4869,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-discharger,investment,476539.1764,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2025.0,, -Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB =(C38+C39)*0.43/4","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-store,investment,6010.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0,, -Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Hydropower - NPD 2,CF,0.38,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced Hydropower - NPD 2,CF,0.38,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Moderate Hydropower - NPD 2,CF,0.41,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Conservative @@ -1687,10 +1687,10 @@ Large DW - Class 9,investment,2465.7993,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/ Lead-Acid-bicharger,FOM,2.4427,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-bicharger,efficiency,0.8832,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.78^0.5']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-bicharger,investment,162012.1073,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-store,FOM,0.2542,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-store,investment,403140.9306,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),FOM,1.6,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),efficiency,0.215,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),investment,32215.4272,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2025.0,, @@ -1699,42 +1699,42 @@ Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),FOM,16.6,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Th Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),efficiency,0.373,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),investment,135900.2677,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2025.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-charger,investment,598140.7616,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-discharger,efficiency,0.55,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.545 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,419971.173,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,419971.173,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, +Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-store,FOM,0.3208,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-store,investment,199922.2004,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Liquid Air SB and BOS']}",2025.0,, -Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,FOM,0.0447,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,investment,297338.0207,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,FOM,0.038,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,investment,338948.3003,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.5394,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,72977.2095,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, MeOH transport ship,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0,, MeOH transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_MeOH,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0,, MeOH transport ship,investment,44006711.0399,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2025.0,, @@ -2224,10 +2224,10 @@ NH3 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guess estimated based on H2 (l) tank Ni-Zn-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-bicharger,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['((0.75-0.87)/2)^0.5 mean value of range efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) same as Li-LFP","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-store,FOM,0.2262,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-store,investment,336761.8265,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Nuclear - Small,CF,0.93,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced Nuclear - Small,CF,0.93,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Moderate Nuclear - Small,CF,0.93,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Conservative @@ -3047,24 +3047,24 @@ Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3723.1 Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3422.2439,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Advanced Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3723.1005,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Moderate Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3723.1005,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Conservative -Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-charger,investment,957815.7129,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-discharger,efficiency,0.63,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.62 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,672508.9048,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,672508.9048,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, +Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-store,FOM,0.1528,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.103 (p.125)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-store,investment,14518.1865,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.92 (p.114)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Molten Salt based SB and BOS']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,efficiency,0.8944,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8^0.5']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,investment,1756657.9565,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Powerhouse Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,investment,71761.1936,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Reservoir Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Residential Battery Storage - 5 kW - 12.5 kWh,FOM,2.41,%/year,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced Residential Battery Storage - 5 kW - 12.5 kWh,FOM,2.41,%/year,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Moderate Residential Battery Storage - 5 kW - 12.5 kWh,FOM,2.41,%/year,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Conservative @@ -3472,17 +3472,17 @@ SOEC,investment,2647.2575,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct. SOEC,investment,1967.0108,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Advanced SOEC,investment,1967.0108,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,,,, -Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Sand-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Sand-discharger,efficiency,0.53,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Sand-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Sand-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Sand-store,investment,8425.2126,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.100 (p.122)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0,, Steam methane reforming,investment,627941.6326,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR.,2025.0,, Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0,, @@ -3721,31 +3721,31 @@ Utility-Scale Battery Storage - 8Hr,investment,3221.8992,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https:/ Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8062,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.65^0.5']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,FOM,0.2345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,investment,324483.9347,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-bicharger,efficiency,0.7937,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.63)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-store,FOM,0.1654,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-store,investment,219264.0846,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.48 (p.70) text below Table 4.12","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8307,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.69)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-store,FOM,0.2576,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-store,investment,518407.3478,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8888,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': [' (0.79)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,FOM,0.2244,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,investment,300780.3155,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M,2015.0,, air separation unit,electricity-input,0.25,MWh_el/t_N2,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), p.288.","For consistency reasons use value from Danish Energy Agency. DEA also reports range of values (0.2-0.4 MWh/t_N2) on pg. 288. Other efficienices reported are even higher, e.g. 0.11 Mwh/t_N2 from Morgan (2013): Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Ammonia Plants Powered by Offshore Wind .",,, air separation unit,investment,941625.7836,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0,, diff --git a/outputs/US/costs_2040.csv b/outputs/US/costs_2040.csv index be284470..19bffd9b 100644 --- a/outputs/US/costs_2040.csv +++ b/outputs/US/costs_2040.csv @@ -762,24 +762,24 @@ Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,1652.4086,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,944.4238,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Advanced Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,1222.6972,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Moderate Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,1652.4086,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Conservative -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,efficiency,0.7211,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.52^0.5']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,investment,1189666.0381,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Turbine Compressor BOP EPC Management']}",2025.0,, -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB 4.5.2.1 Fixed O&M p.62 (p.84)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,investment,6850.9515,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0,, -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, Concrete-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Concrete-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Concrete-discharger,efficiency,0.4343,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Concrete-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Concrete-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Concrete-store,investment,30231.6454,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, "Container feeder, ammonia",efficiency,0.7754,MWh/km,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0,, "Container feeder, ammonia",investment,43964228.25,EUR,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2025.0,, "Container feeder, ammonia",lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0,, @@ -976,21 +976,21 @@ Geothermal - NF EGS / Flash,investment,9487.7077,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.op Gravity-Brick-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Brick-bicharger,efficiency,0.9274,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.86^0.5']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Brick-bicharger,investment,522511.1911,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Brick-store,investment,197881.4914,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,investment,459720.1467,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,investment,153086.8088,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,investment,1138087.6802,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-store,investment,120682.1448,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, H2 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,1.7,%/year,"Guidehouse 2020: European Hydrogen Backbone report, https://guidehouse.com/-/media/www/site/downloads/energy/2020/gh_european-hydrogen-backbone_report.pdf (table 3, table 5)","Pessimistic (highest) value chosen for 48'' pipeline w/ 13GW_H2 LHV @ 100bar pressure. Currency year: Not clearly specified, assuming year of publication. Forecast year: Not clearly specified, guessing based on text remarks.",2020.0,, H2 (g) fill compressor station,investment,5981.7263,EUR/MW_H2,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 164, Figure 14 (Fill compressor).","Assumption for staging 35→140bar, 6000 MW_HHV single line pipeline. Considering HHV/LHV ration for H2.",2025.0,, H2 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 168, Figure 24 (Fill compressor).",,2015.0,, @@ -1105,17 +1105,17 @@ Haber-Bosch,hydrogen-input,1.1484,MWh_H2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low car Haber-Bosch,investment,1507.3843,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0,, Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime,2015.0,, Haber-Bosch,nitrogen-input,0.1597,t_N2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.",".33 MWh electricity are required for ASU per t_NH3, considering 0.4 MWh are required per t_N2 and LHV of NH3 of 5.1666 Mwh.",,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.4444,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,118324.6775,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),FOM,1.2,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),efficiency,0.48,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),investment,37015.9307,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2025.0,, @@ -1124,17 +1124,17 @@ Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),FOM,12.7,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),efficiency,0.56,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),investment,151102.7004,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2025.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0,, -Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-charger,efficiency,0.6963,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-charger,investment,436509.8856,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2025.0,, -Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-discharger,efficiency,0.4869,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-discharger,investment,476539.1764,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2025.0,, -Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB =(C38+C39)*0.43/4","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-store,investment,6010.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0,, -Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Hydropower - NPD 2,CF,0.38,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced Hydropower - NPD 2,CF,0.38,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Moderate Hydropower - NPD 2,CF,0.41,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Conservative @@ -1687,10 +1687,10 @@ Large DW - Class 9,investment,2337.3722,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/ Lead-Acid-bicharger,FOM,2.4427,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-bicharger,efficiency,0.8832,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.78^0.5']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-bicharger,investment,162012.1073,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-store,FOM,0.2542,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-store,investment,403140.9306,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),FOM,1.6,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),efficiency,0.215,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),investment,32900.6745,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2025.0,, @@ -1699,42 +1699,42 @@ Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),FOM,16.2,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Th Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),efficiency,0.373,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),investment,139385.5992,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2025.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-charger,investment,598140.7616,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-discharger,efficiency,0.55,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.545 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,419971.173,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,419971.173,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, +Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-store,FOM,0.3208,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-store,investment,199922.2004,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Liquid Air SB and BOS']}",2025.0,, -Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,FOM,0.0447,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,investment,297338.0207,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,FOM,0.038,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,investment,338948.3003,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.5394,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,72977.2095,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, MeOH transport ship,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0,, MeOH transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_MeOH,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0,, MeOH transport ship,investment,44006711.0399,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2025.0,, @@ -2224,10 +2224,10 @@ NH3 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guess estimated based on H2 (l) tank Ni-Zn-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-bicharger,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['((0.75-0.87)/2)^0.5 mean value of range efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) same as Li-LFP","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-store,FOM,0.2262,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-store,investment,336761.8265,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Nuclear - Small,CF,0.93,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced Nuclear - Small,CF,0.93,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Moderate Nuclear - Small,CF,0.93,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Conservative @@ -3047,24 +3047,24 @@ Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3723.1 Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3384.6368,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Advanced Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3723.1005,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Moderate Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3723.1005,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Conservative -Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-charger,investment,957815.7129,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-discharger,efficiency,0.63,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.62 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,672508.9048,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,672508.9048,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, +Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-store,FOM,0.1528,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.103 (p.125)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-store,investment,14518.1865,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.92 (p.114)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Molten Salt based SB and BOS']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,efficiency,0.8944,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8^0.5']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,investment,1756657.9565,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Powerhouse Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,investment,71761.1936,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Reservoir Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Residential Battery Storage - 5 kW - 12.5 kWh,FOM,2.41,%/year,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced Residential Battery Storage - 5 kW - 12.5 kWh,FOM,2.41,%/year,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Moderate Residential Battery Storage - 5 kW - 12.5 kWh,FOM,2.41,%/year,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Conservative @@ -3472,17 +3472,17 @@ SOEC,investment,2581.0626,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct. SOEC,investment,1718.9145,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Advanced SOEC,investment,1718.9145,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,,,, -Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Sand-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Sand-discharger,efficiency,0.53,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Sand-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Sand-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Sand-store,investment,8425.2126,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.100 (p.122)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0,, Steam methane reforming,investment,627941.6326,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR.,2025.0,, Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0,, @@ -3721,31 +3721,31 @@ Utility-Scale Battery Storage - 8Hr,investment,3111.6459,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https:/ Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8062,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.65^0.5']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,FOM,0.2345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,investment,324483.9347,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-bicharger,efficiency,0.7937,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.63)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-store,FOM,0.1654,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-store,investment,219264.0846,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.48 (p.70) text below Table 4.12","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8307,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.69)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-store,FOM,0.2576,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-store,investment,518407.3478,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8888,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': [' (0.79)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,FOM,0.2244,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,investment,300780.3155,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M,2015.0,, air separation unit,electricity-input,0.25,MWh_el/t_N2,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), p.288.","For consistency reasons use value from Danish Energy Agency. DEA also reports range of values (0.2-0.4 MWh/t_N2) on pg. 288. Other efficienices reported are even higher, e.g. 0.11 Mwh/t_N2 from Morgan (2013): Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Ammonia Plants Powered by Offshore Wind .",,, air separation unit,investment,847303.8062,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0,, diff --git a/outputs/US/costs_2045.csv b/outputs/US/costs_2045.csv index 7f2a26df..af72cbb2 100644 --- a/outputs/US/costs_2045.csv +++ b/outputs/US/costs_2045.csv @@ -762,24 +762,24 @@ Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,1493.1902,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,888.6995,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Advanced Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,1111.4226,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Moderate Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,1493.1902,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Conservative -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,efficiency,0.7211,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.52^0.5']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,investment,1189666.0381,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Turbine Compressor BOP EPC Management']}",2025.0,, -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB 4.5.2.1 Fixed O&M p.62 (p.84)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,investment,6850.9515,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0,, -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, Concrete-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Concrete-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Concrete-discharger,efficiency,0.4343,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Concrete-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Concrete-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Concrete-store,investment,30231.6454,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, "Container feeder, ammonia",efficiency,0.7754,MWh/km,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0,, "Container feeder, ammonia",investment,43964228.25,EUR,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2025.0,, "Container feeder, ammonia",lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0,, @@ -976,21 +976,21 @@ Geothermal - NF EGS / Flash,investment,9256.7429,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.op Gravity-Brick-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Brick-bicharger,efficiency,0.9274,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.86^0.5']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Brick-bicharger,investment,522511.1911,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Brick-store,investment,197881.4914,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,investment,459720.1467,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,investment,153086.8088,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,investment,1138087.6802,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-store,investment,120682.1448,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, H2 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,1.7,%/year,"Guidehouse 2020: European Hydrogen Backbone report, https://guidehouse.com/-/media/www/site/downloads/energy/2020/gh_european-hydrogen-backbone_report.pdf (table 3, table 5)","Pessimistic (highest) value chosen for 48'' pipeline w/ 13GW_H2 LHV @ 100bar pressure. Currency year: Not clearly specified, assuming year of publication. Forecast year: Not clearly specified, guessing based on text remarks.",2020.0,, H2 (g) fill compressor station,investment,5981.7263,EUR/MW_H2,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 164, Figure 14 (Fill compressor).","Assumption for staging 35→140bar, 6000 MW_HHV single line pipeline. Considering HHV/LHV ration for H2.",2025.0,, H2 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 168, Figure 24 (Fill compressor).",,2015.0,, @@ -1105,17 +1105,17 @@ Haber-Bosch,hydrogen-input,1.1484,MWh_H2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low car Haber-Bosch,investment,1331.5106,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0,, Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime,2015.0,, Haber-Bosch,nitrogen-input,0.1597,t_N2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.",".33 MWh electricity are required for ASU per t_NH3, considering 0.4 MWh are required per t_N2 and LHV of NH3 of 5.1666 Mwh.",,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.4444,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,118324.6775,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),FOM,1.2,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),efficiency,0.48,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),investment,35406.5424,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2025.0,, @@ -1124,17 +1124,17 @@ Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),FOM,12.4,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),efficiency,0.56,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),investment,154575.4585,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2025.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0,, -Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-charger,efficiency,0.6963,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-charger,investment,436509.8856,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2025.0,, -Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-discharger,efficiency,0.4869,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-discharger,investment,476539.1764,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2025.0,, -Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB =(C38+C39)*0.43/4","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-store,investment,6010.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0,, -Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Hydropower - NPD 2,CF,0.38,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced Hydropower - NPD 2,CF,0.38,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Moderate Hydropower - NPD 2,CF,0.41,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Conservative @@ -1687,10 +1687,10 @@ Large DW - Class 9,investment,2208.9452,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/ Lead-Acid-bicharger,FOM,2.4427,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-bicharger,efficiency,0.8832,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.78^0.5']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-bicharger,investment,162012.1073,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-store,FOM,0.2542,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-store,investment,403140.9306,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),FOM,1.6,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),efficiency,0.215,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),investment,33457.6737,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2025.0,, @@ -1699,42 +1699,42 @@ Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),FOM,15.8,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Th Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),efficiency,0.373,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),investment,142869.6734,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2025.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-charger,investment,598140.7616,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-discharger,efficiency,0.55,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.545 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,419971.173,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,419971.173,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, +Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-store,FOM,0.3208,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-store,investment,199922.2004,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Liquid Air SB and BOS']}",2025.0,, -Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,FOM,0.0447,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,investment,297338.0207,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,FOM,0.038,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,investment,338948.3003,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.5394,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,72977.2095,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, MeOH transport ship,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0,, MeOH transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_MeOH,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0,, MeOH transport ship,investment,44006711.0399,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2025.0,, @@ -2224,10 +2224,10 @@ NH3 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guess estimated based on H2 (l) tank Ni-Zn-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-bicharger,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['((0.75-0.87)/2)^0.5 mean value of range efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) same as Li-LFP","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-store,FOM,0.2262,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-store,investment,336761.8265,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Nuclear - Small,CF,0.93,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced Nuclear - Small,CF,0.93,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Moderate Nuclear - Small,CF,0.93,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Conservative @@ -3047,24 +3047,24 @@ Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3723.1 Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3347.0297,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Advanced Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3723.1005,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Moderate Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3723.1005,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Conservative -Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-charger,investment,957815.7129,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-discharger,efficiency,0.63,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.62 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,672508.9048,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,672508.9048,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, +Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-store,FOM,0.1528,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.103 (p.125)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-store,investment,14518.1865,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.92 (p.114)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Molten Salt based SB and BOS']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,efficiency,0.8944,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8^0.5']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,investment,1756657.9565,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Powerhouse Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,investment,71761.1936,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Reservoir Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Residential Battery Storage - 5 kW - 12.5 kWh,FOM,2.41,%/year,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced Residential Battery Storage - 5 kW - 12.5 kWh,FOM,2.41,%/year,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Moderate Residential Battery Storage - 5 kW - 12.5 kWh,FOM,2.41,%/year,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Conservative @@ -3472,17 +3472,17 @@ SOEC,investment,2518.0967,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct. SOEC,investment,1526.7879,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Advanced SOEC,investment,1526.7879,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,,,, -Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Sand-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Sand-discharger,efficiency,0.53,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Sand-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Sand-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Sand-store,investment,8425.2126,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.100 (p.122)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0,, Steam methane reforming,investment,627941.6326,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR.,2025.0,, Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0,, @@ -3721,31 +3721,31 @@ Utility-Scale Battery Storage - 8Hr,investment,3001.3927,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https:/ Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8062,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.65^0.5']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,FOM,0.2345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,investment,324483.9347,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-bicharger,efficiency,0.7937,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.63)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-store,FOM,0.1654,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-store,investment,219264.0846,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.48 (p.70) text below Table 4.12","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8307,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.69)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-store,FOM,0.2576,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-store,investment,518407.3478,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8888,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': [' (0.79)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,FOM,0.2244,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,investment,300780.3155,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M,2015.0,, air separation unit,electricity-input,0.25,MWh_el/t_N2,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), p.288.","For consistency reasons use value from Danish Energy Agency. DEA also reports range of values (0.2-0.4 MWh/t_N2) on pg. 288. Other efficienices reported are even higher, e.g. 0.11 Mwh/t_N2 from Morgan (2013): Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Ammonia Plants Powered by Offshore Wind .",,, air separation unit,investment,748444.8272,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0,, diff --git a/outputs/US/costs_2050.csv b/outputs/US/costs_2050.csv index d0a5fac0..9569dcc5 100644 --- a/outputs/US/costs_2050.csv +++ b/outputs/US/costs_2050.csv @@ -762,24 +762,24 @@ Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,1333.9718,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,832.9753,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Advanced Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,1000.148,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Moderate Commercial PV - Class 9,investment,1333.9718,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Conservative -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,efficiency,0.7211,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.52^0.5']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,investment,1189666.0381,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Turbine Compressor BOP EPC Management']}",2025.0,, -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB 4.5.2.1 Fixed O&M p.62 (p.84)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,investment,6850.9515,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0,, -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, Concrete-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Concrete-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Concrete-discharger,efficiency,0.4343,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Concrete-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Concrete-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Concrete-store,investment,30231.6454,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, "Container feeder, ammonia",efficiency,0.7754,MWh/km,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0,, "Container feeder, ammonia",investment,43964228.25,EUR,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2025.0,, "Container feeder, ammonia",lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0,, @@ -976,21 +976,21 @@ Geothermal - NF EGS / Flash,investment,9031.4948,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.op Gravity-Brick-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Brick-bicharger,efficiency,0.9274,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.86^0.5']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Brick-bicharger,investment,522511.1911,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Brick-store,investment,197881.4914,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,investment,459720.1467,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,investment,153086.8088,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,investment,1138087.6802,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Gravity-Water-Underground-store,investment,120682.1448,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0,, -Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, H2 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,1.7,%/year,"Guidehouse 2020: European Hydrogen Backbone report, https://guidehouse.com/-/media/www/site/downloads/energy/2020/gh_european-hydrogen-backbone_report.pdf (table 3, table 5)","Pessimistic (highest) value chosen for 48'' pipeline w/ 13GW_H2 LHV @ 100bar pressure. Currency year: Not clearly specified, assuming year of publication. Forecast year: Not clearly specified, guessing based on text remarks.",2020.0,, H2 (g) fill compressor station,investment,5981.7263,EUR/MW_H2,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 164, Figure 14 (Fill compressor).","Assumption for staging 35→140bar, 6000 MW_HHV single line pipeline. Considering HHV/LHV ration for H2.",2025.0,, H2 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 168, Figure 24 (Fill compressor).",,2015.0,, @@ -1105,17 +1105,17 @@ Haber-Bosch,hydrogen-input,1.1484,MWh_H2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low car Haber-Bosch,investment,1155.6369,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0,, Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime,2015.0,, Haber-Bosch,nitrogen-input,0.1597,t_N2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.",".33 MWh electricity are required for ASU per t_NH3, considering 0.4 MWh are required per t_N2 and LHV of NH3 of 5.1666 Mwh.",,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.4444,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, HighT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,118324.6775,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),FOM,1.2,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),efficiency,0.48,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),investment,33797.1541,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2025.0,, @@ -1124,17 +1124,17 @@ Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),FOM,12.2,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),efficiency,0.56,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),investment,158059.5327,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2025.0,, Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0,, -Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-charger,efficiency,0.6963,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-charger,investment,436509.8856,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2025.0,, -Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-discharger,efficiency,0.4869,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-discharger,investment,476539.1764,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2025.0,, -Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB =(C38+C39)*0.43/4","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Hydrogen-store,investment,6010.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0,, -Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Hydropower - NPD 2,CF,0.38,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced Hydropower - NPD 2,CF,0.38,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Moderate Hydropower - NPD 2,CF,0.41,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Conservative @@ -1687,10 +1687,10 @@ Large DW - Class 9,investment,2100.897,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s Lead-Acid-bicharger,FOM,2.4427,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-bicharger,efficiency,0.8832,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.78^0.5']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-bicharger,investment,162012.1073,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-store,FOM,0.2542,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Lead-Acid-store,investment,403140.9306,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),FOM,1.6,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),efficiency,0.215,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),investment,33797.1541,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2025.0,, @@ -1699,42 +1699,42 @@ Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),FOM,15.5,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Th Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),efficiency,0.373,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),investment,146355.0049,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2025.0,, Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-charger,investment,598140.7616,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-discharger,efficiency,0.55,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.545 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, -Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,419971.173,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,419971.173,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, +Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-store,FOM,0.3208,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Liquid-Air-store,investment,199922.2004,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Liquid Air SB and BOS']}",2025.0,, -Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,FOM,0.0447,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,investment,297338.0207,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,FOM,0.038,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,investment,338948.3003,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.5394,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, LowT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,72977.2095,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, MeOH transport ship,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0,, MeOH transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_MeOH,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0,, MeOH transport ship,investment,44006711.0399,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2025.0,, @@ -2224,10 +2224,10 @@ NH3 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guess estimated based on H2 (l) tank Ni-Zn-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-bicharger,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['((0.75-0.87)/2)^0.5 mean value of range efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) same as Li-LFP","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-store,FOM,0.2262,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Ni-Zn-store,investment,336761.8265,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Nuclear - Small,CF,0.93,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced Nuclear - Small,CF,0.93,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Moderate Nuclear - Small,CF,0.93,per unit,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Conservative @@ -3047,24 +3047,24 @@ Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3723.1 Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3309.4226,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Advanced Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3723.1005,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Moderate Pumped Storage Hydropower One New Reservoir - National Class 5,investment,3723.1005,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Conservative -Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-charger,investment,957815.7129,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-discharger,efficiency,0.63,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.62 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,672508.9048,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,672508.9048,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, +Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-store,FOM,0.1528,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.103 (p.125)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Heat-store,investment,14518.1865,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.92 (p.114)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Molten Salt based SB and BOS']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,efficiency,0.8944,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8^0.5']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,investment,1756657.9565,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Powerhouse Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,investment,71761.1936,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Reservoir Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0,, -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Residential Battery Storage - 5 kW - 12.5 kWh,FOM,2.41,%/year,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced Residential Battery Storage - 5 kW - 12.5 kWh,FOM,2.41,%/year,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Moderate Residential Battery Storage - 5 kW - 12.5 kWh,FOM,2.41,%/year,NREL/ATB-https://data.openei.org/s3_viewer?bucket=oedi-data-lake&prefix=ATB%2Felectricity%2Fcsv%2F2022%2F,Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Conservative @@ -3472,17 +3472,17 @@ SOEC,investment,2455.1309,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct. SOEC,investment,1334.6612,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,R&D,Advanced SOEC,investment,1334.6612,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",Meaning of scenario and financial case: https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/definitions#scenarios,2022.0,Market,Advanced SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,,,, -Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, +Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0,, Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Sand-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0,, -Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, -Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, +Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, +Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0,, Sand-discharger,efficiency,0.53,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0,, Sand-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0,, -Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Sand-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0,, Sand-store,investment,8425.2126,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.100 (p.122)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0,, -Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0,, Steam methane reforming,investment,627941.6326,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR.,2025.0,, Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0,, @@ -3721,31 +3721,31 @@ Utility-Scale Battery Storage - 8Hr,investment,2891.1394,USD/kW,NREL/ATB-https:/ Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8062,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.65^0.5']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,FOM,0.2345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0,, Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,investment,324483.9347,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-bicharger,efficiency,0.7937,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.63)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-store,FOM,0.1654,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Zn-Air-store,investment,219264.0846,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.48 (p.70) text below Table 4.12","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8307,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.69)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-store,FOM,0.2576,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Flow-store,investment,518407.3478,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8888,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': [' (0.79)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,FOM,0.2244,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0,, Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,investment,300780.3155,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0,, -Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0,, +Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0,, air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M,2015.0,, air separation unit,electricity-input,0.25,MWh_el/t_N2,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), p.288.","For consistency reasons use value from Danish Energy Agency. DEA also reports range of values (0.2-0.4 MWh/t_N2) on pg. 288. Other efficienices reported are even higher, e.g. 0.11 Mwh/t_N2 from Morgan (2013): Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Ammonia Plants Powered by Offshore Wind .",,, air separation unit,investment,649585.8482,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0,, diff --git a/outputs/costs_2020.csv b/outputs/costs_2020.csv index 753e6bf7..b6eb3dc0 100644 --- a/outputs/costs_2020.csv +++ b/outputs/costs_2020.csv @@ -134,24 +134,24 @@ Charging infrastructure fuel cell vehicles trucks,lifetime,30.0,years,PATHS TO A Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,FOM,1.8,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,2020.0 Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,investment,1613.1603,EUR/Lades�ule,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,2025.0 Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,lifetime,30.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,2020.0 -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,efficiency,0.7211,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.52^0.5']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,investment,1189666.0381,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Turbine Compressor BOP EPC Management']}",2025.0 -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB 4.5.2.1 Fixed O&M p.62 (p.84)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,investment,6850.9515,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0 -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Concrete-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Concrete-charger,investment,236402.053,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Concrete-discharger,efficiency,0.4343,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Concrete-discharger,investment,945608.2119,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Concrete-store,FOM,0.3231,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Concrete-store,investment,37006.5997,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 "Container feeder, ammonia",efficiency,0.7754,MWh/km,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0 "Container feeder, ammonia",investment,52757073.9,EUR,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2025.0 "Container feeder, ammonia",lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0 @@ -258,21 +258,21 @@ General liquid hydrocarbon storage (product),lifetime,30.0,years,"Stelter and Ni Gravity-Brick-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0 Gravity-Brick-bicharger,efficiency,0.9274,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.86^0.5']}",2020.0 Gravity-Brick-bicharger,investment,522511.1911,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Brick-store,investment,235531.201,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,investment,459720.1467,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,investment,181953.2473,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,investment,1138087.6802,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-store,investment,143194.7276,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 H2 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,1.7,%/year,"Guidehouse 2020: European Hydrogen Backbone report, https://guidehouse.com/-/media/www/site/downloads/energy/2020/gh_european-hydrogen-backbone_report.pdf (table 3, table 5)","Pessimistic (highest) value chosen for 48'' pipeline w/ 13GW_H2 LHV @ 100bar pressure. Currency year: Not clearly specified, assuming year of publication. Forecast year: Not clearly specified, guessing based on text remarks.",2020.0 H2 (g) fill compressor station,investment,5981.7263,EUR/MW_H2,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 164, Figure 14 (Fill compressor).","Assumption for staging 35→140bar, 6000 MW_HHV single line pipeline. Considering HHV/LHV ration for H2.",2025.0 H2 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 168, Figure 24 (Fill compressor).",,2015.0 @@ -387,17 +387,17 @@ Haber-Bosch,hydrogen-input,1.1484,MWh_H2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low car Haber-Bosch,investment,2253.3123,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0 Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime,2015.0 Haber-Bosch,nitrogen-input,0.1597,t_N2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.",".33 MWh electricity are required for ASU per t_NH3, considering 0.4 MWh are required per t_N2 and LHV of NH3 of 5.1666 Mwh.", -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,236252.5505,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.4444,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,945010.202,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,141525.5947,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),FOM,1.1,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),efficiency,0.48,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),investment,69153.4031,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2025.0 @@ -406,17 +406,17 @@ Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),FOM,10.1,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),efficiency,0.56,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),investment,190579.2348,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2025.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0 -Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.46,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.46,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-charger,efficiency,0.6963,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-charger,investment,1640004.9037,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2025.0 -Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.4801,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.4801,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-discharger,efficiency,0.4869,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-discharger,investment,1591578.5566,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2025.0 -Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB =(C38+C39)*0.43/4","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-store,investment,6010.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0 -Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 LNG storage tank,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.",Currency year and technology year assumed based on publication date.,2019.0 LNG storage tank,investment,838.182,EUR/m^3,"Hurskainen 2019, https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/liquid-organic-hydrogen-carriers-lohc-concept-evaluation-and-tech pg. 46 (59).",Currency year and technology year assumed based on publication date.,2025.0 LNG storage tank,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.",Currency year and technology year assumed based on publication date.,2019.0 @@ -447,10 +447,10 @@ LOHC unloaded DBT storage,lifetime,30.0,years,,"Based on storage “General liqu Lead-Acid-bicharger,FOM,2.4064,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-bicharger,efficiency,0.8832,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.78^0.5']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-bicharger,investment,188262.2523,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-store,FOM,0.2386,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-store,investment,459291.5729,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),FOM,1.6,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),efficiency,0.215,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),investment,29624.0605,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2025.0 @@ -459,42 +459,42 @@ Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),FOM,18.0,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Th Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),efficiency,0.373,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),investment,125446.7878,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2025.0 Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0 -Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 -Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-charger,investment,633273.8459,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-discharger,efficiency,0.55,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.545 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 -Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,444639.0833,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,444639.0833,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 +Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-store,FOM,0.328,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-store,investment,234806.1139,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Liquid Air SB and BOS']}",2025.0 -Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,FOM,2.0701,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,investment,120181.3115,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,FOM,0.0447,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,investment,409502.2614,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,FOM,2.0701,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,investment,120181.3115,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,FOM,0.0379,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,investment,467869.278,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,187813.7448,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.5394,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,751254.9792,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,87286.4662,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 MeOH transport ship,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0 MeOH transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_MeOH,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0 MeOH transport ship,investment,44006711.0399,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2025.0 @@ -516,10 +516,10 @@ NH3 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guess estimated based on H2 (l) tank Ni-Zn-bicharger,FOM,2.0701,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-bicharger,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['((0.75-0.87)/2)^0.5 mean value of range efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-bicharger,investment,120181.3115,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) same as Li-LFP","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-store,FOM,0.2238,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-store,investment,433564.6866,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 OCGT,FOM,1.7772,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M,2015.0 OCGT,VOM,6.0111,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M,2025.0 OCGT,efficiency,0.4,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -533,24 +533,24 @@ PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2888.5279,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2025.0 PHS,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-charger,investment,1014906.975,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-discharger,efficiency,0.63,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.62 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,712594.2591,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,712594.2591,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 +Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-store,FOM,0.0615,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.103 (p.125)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-store,investment,39346.812,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.92 (p.114)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Molten Salt based SB and BOS']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,efficiency,0.8944,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8^0.5']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,investment,1756657.9565,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Powerhouse Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,investment,71761.1936,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Reservoir Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 SMR,FOM,5.0,%/year,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR,efficiency,0.76,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR,investment,659179.2942,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2025.0 @@ -564,17 +564,17 @@ SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Con SOEC,electricity-input,1.22,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, SOEC,investment,2966.3513,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2025.0 SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, -Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,191900.1461,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Sand-discharger,efficiency,0.53,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-discharger,investment,767600.5844,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Sand-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Sand-store,investment,10077.2151,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.100 (p.122)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0 Steam methane reforming,investment,627941.6326,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR.,2025.0 Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0 @@ -591,31 +591,31 @@ Steam methane reforming,methane-input,1.483,MWh_CH4/MWh_H2,"Keipi et al (2018): Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.4028,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8062,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.65^0.5']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,investment,188537.586,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,FOM,0.2335,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,investment,399347.305,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-bicharger,efficiency,0.7937,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.63)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-store,FOM,0.1893,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-store,investment,245053.2635,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.48 (p.70) text below Table 4.12","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.475,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8307,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.69)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,investment,168856.8295,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-store,FOM,0.2849,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-store,investment,599275.7346,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8888,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': [' (0.79)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,FOM,0.2481,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,investment,348122.7696,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M,2015.0 air separation unit,electricity-input,0.25,MWh_el/t_N2,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), p.288.","For consistency reasons use value from Danish Energy Agency. DEA also reports range of values (0.2-0.4 MWh/t_N2) on pg. 288. Other efficienices reported are even higher, e.g. 0.11 Mwh/t_N2 from Morgan (2013): Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Ammonia Plants Powered by Offshore Wind .", air separation unit,investment,1266591.4581,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0 diff --git a/outputs/costs_2025.csv b/outputs/costs_2025.csv index 01a6480e..b3e0b51a 100644 --- a/outputs/costs_2025.csv +++ b/outputs/costs_2025.csv @@ -134,24 +134,24 @@ Charging infrastructure fuel cell vehicles trucks,lifetime,30.0,years,PATHS TO A Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,FOM,1.8,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,2020.0 Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,investment,1415.7588,EUR/Lades�ule,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,2025.0 Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,lifetime,30.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,2020.0 -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,efficiency,0.7211,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.52^0.5']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,investment,1189666.0381,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Turbine Compressor BOP EPC Management']}",2025.0 -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB 4.5.2.1 Fixed O&M p.62 (p.84)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,investment,6850.9515,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0 -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Concrete-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Concrete-charger,investment,208849.9905,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Concrete-discharger,efficiency,0.4343,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Concrete-discharger,investment,835399.9621,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Concrete-store,FOM,0.3269,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Concrete-store,investment,33619.1225,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 "Container feeder, ammonia",efficiency,0.7754,MWh/km,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0 "Container feeder, ammonia",investment,52757073.9,EUR,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2025.0 "Container feeder, ammonia",lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0 @@ -258,21 +258,21 @@ General liquid hydrocarbon storage (product),lifetime,30.0,years,"Stelter and Ni Gravity-Brick-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0 Gravity-Brick-bicharger,efficiency,0.9274,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.86^0.5']}",2020.0 Gravity-Brick-bicharger,investment,522511.1911,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Brick-store,investment,216706.3462,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,investment,459720.1467,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,investment,167520.0281,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,investment,1138087.6802,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-store,investment,131938.4362,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 H2 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,1.7,%/year,"Guidehouse 2020: European Hydrogen Backbone report, https://guidehouse.com/-/media/www/site/downloads/energy/2020/gh_european-hydrogen-backbone_report.pdf (table 3, table 5)","Pessimistic (highest) value chosen for 48'' pipeline w/ 13GW_H2 LHV @ 100bar pressure. Currency year: Not clearly specified, assuming year of publication. Forecast year: Not clearly specified, guessing based on text remarks.",2020.0 H2 (g) fill compressor station,investment,5981.7263,EUR/MW_H2,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 164, Figure 14 (Fill compressor).","Assumption for staging 35→140bar, 6000 MW_HHV single line pipeline. Considering HHV/LHV ration for H2.",2025.0 H2 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 168, Figure 24 (Fill compressor).",,2015.0 @@ -387,17 +387,17 @@ Haber-Bosch,hydrogen-input,1.1484,MWh_H2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low car Haber-Bosch,investment,2048.1505,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0 Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime,2015.0 Haber-Bosch,nitrogen-input,0.1597,t_N2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.",".33 MWh electricity are required for ASU per t_NH3, considering 0.4 MWh are required per t_N2 and LHV of NH3 of 5.1666 Mwh.", -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,208775.2393,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.4444,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,835100.9572,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,129925.1361,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),FOM,1.1,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),efficiency,0.48,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),investment,54694.0551,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2025.0 @@ -406,17 +406,17 @@ Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),FOM,12.5,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),efficiency,0.56,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),investment,153760.7057,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2025.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0 -Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.5473,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.5473,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-charger,efficiency,0.6963,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-charger,investment,1038257.3947,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2025.0 -Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5307,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5307,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-discharger,efficiency,0.4869,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-discharger,investment,1034058.8665,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2025.0 -Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB =(C38+C39)*0.43/4","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-store,investment,6010.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0 -Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 LNG storage tank,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.",Currency year and technology year assumed based on publication date.,2019.0 LNG storage tank,investment,838.182,EUR/m^3,"Hurskainen 2019, https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/liquid-organic-hydrogen-carriers-lohc-concept-evaluation-and-tech pg. 46 (59).",Currency year and technology year assumed based on publication date.,2025.0 LNG storage tank,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.",Currency year and technology year assumed based on publication date.,2019.0 @@ -447,10 +447,10 @@ LOHC unloaded DBT storage,lifetime,30.0,years,,"Based on storage “General liqu Lead-Acid-bicharger,FOM,2.4245,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-bicharger,efficiency,0.8832,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.78^0.5']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-bicharger,investment,175137.1798,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-store,FOM,0.2464,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-store,investment,431216.2517,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),FOM,1.6,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),efficiency,0.215,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),investment,30564.5468,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2025.0 @@ -459,42 +459,42 @@ Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),FOM,17.5,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Th Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),efficiency,0.373,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),investment,128930.862,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2025.0 Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0 -Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 -Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-charger,investment,615707.3038,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-discharger,efficiency,0.55,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.545 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 -Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,432305.1282,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,432305.1282,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 +Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-store,FOM,0.3244,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-store,investment,217364.1572,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Liquid Air SB and BOS']}",2025.0 -Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,FOM,2.095,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,investment,111360.6648,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,FOM,0.0447,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,investment,353420.141,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,FOM,2.095,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,investment,111360.6648,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,FOM,0.0379,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,investment,403408.7892,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,184555.8364,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.5394,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,738223.3458,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,80131.8379,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 MeOH transport ship,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0 MeOH transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_MeOH,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0 MeOH transport ship,investment,44006711.0399,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2025.0 @@ -516,10 +516,10 @@ NH3 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guess estimated based on H2 (l) tank Ni-Zn-bicharger,FOM,2.095,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-bicharger,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['((0.75-0.87)/2)^0.5 mean value of range efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-bicharger,investment,111360.6648,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) same as Li-LFP","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-store,FOM,0.225,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-store,investment,385163.2565,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 OCGT,FOM,1.7784,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M,2015.0 OCGT,VOM,6.0111,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M,2025.0 OCGT,efficiency,0.405,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -533,24 +533,24 @@ PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2888.5279,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2025.0 PHS,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-charger,investment,986361.344,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-discharger,efficiency,0.63,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.62 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,692551.5819,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,692551.5819,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 +Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-store,FOM,0.1071,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.103 (p.125)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-store,investment,26932.4992,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.92 (p.114)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Molten Salt based SB and BOS']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,efficiency,0.8944,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8^0.5']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,investment,1756657.9565,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Powerhouse Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,investment,71761.1936,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Reservoir Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 SMR,FOM,5.0,%/year,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR,efficiency,0.76,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR,investment,659179.2942,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2025.0 @@ -564,17 +564,17 @@ SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Con SOEC,electricity-input,1.205,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, SOEC,investment,2893.6192,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2025.0 SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, -Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,186599.0371,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Sand-discharger,efficiency,0.53,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-discharger,investment,746396.1484,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Sand-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Sand-store,investment,9251.2139,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.100 (p.122)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0 Steam methane reforming,investment,627941.6326,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR.,2025.0 Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0 @@ -591,31 +591,31 @@ Steam methane reforming,methane-input,1.483,MWh_CH4/MWh_H2,"Keipi et al (2018): Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.4212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8062,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.65^0.5']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,investment,175381.3672,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,FOM,0.234,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,investment,361915.6199,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-bicharger,efficiency,0.7937,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.63)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-store,FOM,0.1773,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-store,investment,232158.6741,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.48 (p.70) text below Table 4.12","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.2974,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8307,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.69)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,investment,135698.4238,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-store,FOM,0.2713,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-store,investment,558841.5412,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8888,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': [' (0.79)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,FOM,0.2362,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,investment,324451.5425,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M,2015.0 air separation unit,electricity-input,0.25,MWh_el/t_N2,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), p.288.","For consistency reasons use value from Danish Energy Agency. DEA also reports range of values (0.2-0.4 MWh/t_N2) on pg. 288. Other efficienices reported are even higher, e.g. 0.11 Mwh/t_N2 from Morgan (2013): Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Ammonia Plants Powered by Offshore Wind .", air separation unit,investment,1151269.6095,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0 diff --git a/outputs/costs_2030.csv b/outputs/costs_2030.csv index 9e86388d..6bb15518 100644 --- a/outputs/costs_2030.csv +++ b/outputs/costs_2030.csv @@ -134,24 +134,24 @@ Charging infrastructure fuel cell vehicles trucks,lifetime,30.0,years,PATHS TO A Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,FOM,1.8,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,2020.0 Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,investment,1263.6213,EUR/Lades�ule,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,2025.0 Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,lifetime,30.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,2020.0 -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,efficiency,0.7211,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.52^0.5']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,investment,1189666.0381,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Turbine Compressor BOP EPC Management']}",2025.0 -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB 4.5.2.1 Fixed O&M p.62 (p.84)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,investment,6850.9515,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0 -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Concrete-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Concrete-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Concrete-discharger,efficiency,0.4343,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Concrete-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Concrete-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Concrete-store,investment,30231.6454,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 "Container feeder, ammonia",efficiency,0.7754,MWh/km,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0 "Container feeder, ammonia",investment,48360651.075,EUR,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2025.0 "Container feeder, ammonia",lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0 @@ -258,21 +258,21 @@ General liquid hydrocarbon storage (product),lifetime,30.0,years,"Stelter and Ni Gravity-Brick-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0 Gravity-Brick-bicharger,efficiency,0.9274,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.86^0.5']}",2020.0 Gravity-Brick-bicharger,investment,522511.1911,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Brick-store,investment,197881.4914,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,investment,459720.1467,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,investment,153086.8088,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,investment,1138087.6802,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-store,investment,120682.1448,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 H2 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,1.7,%/year,"Guidehouse 2020: European Hydrogen Backbone report, https://guidehouse.com/-/media/www/site/downloads/energy/2020/gh_european-hydrogen-backbone_report.pdf (table 3, table 5)","Pessimistic (highest) value chosen for 48'' pipeline w/ 13GW_H2 LHV @ 100bar pressure. Currency year: Not clearly specified, assuming year of publication. Forecast year: Not clearly specified, guessing based on text remarks.",2020.0 H2 (g) fill compressor station,investment,5981.7263,EUR/MW_H2,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 164, Figure 14 (Fill compressor).","Assumption for staging 35→140bar, 6000 MW_HHV single line pipeline. Considering HHV/LHV ration for H2.",2025.0 H2 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 168, Figure 24 (Fill compressor).",,2015.0 @@ -387,17 +387,17 @@ Haber-Bosch,hydrogen-input,1.1484,MWh_H2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low car Haber-Bosch,investment,1842.9888,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0 Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime,2015.0 Haber-Bosch,nitrogen-input,0.1597,t_N2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.",".33 MWh electricity are required for ASU per t_NH3, considering 0.4 MWh are required per t_N2 and LHV of NH3 of 5.1666 Mwh.", -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.4444,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,118324.6775,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),FOM,1.1,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),efficiency,0.48,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),investment,41776.1995,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2025.0 @@ -406,17 +406,17 @@ Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),FOM,13.1,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),efficiency,0.56,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),investment,146475.709,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2025.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0 -Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-charger,efficiency,0.6963,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-charger,investment,436509.8856,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2025.0 -Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-discharger,efficiency,0.4869,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-discharger,investment,476539.1764,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2025.0 -Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB =(C38+C39)*0.43/4","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-store,investment,6010.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0 -Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 LNG storage tank,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.",Currency year and technology year assumed based on publication date.,2019.0 LNG storage tank,investment,838.182,EUR/m^3,"Hurskainen 2019, https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/liquid-organic-hydrogen-carriers-lohc-concept-evaluation-and-tech pg. 46 (59).",Currency year and technology year assumed based on publication date.,2025.0 LNG storage tank,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.",Currency year and technology year assumed based on publication date.,2019.0 @@ -447,10 +447,10 @@ LOHC unloaded DBT storage,lifetime,30.0,years,,"Based on storage “General liqu Lead-Acid-bicharger,FOM,2.4427,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-bicharger,efficiency,0.8832,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.78^0.5']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-bicharger,investment,162012.1073,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-store,FOM,0.2542,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-store,investment,403140.9306,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),FOM,1.6,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),efficiency,0.215,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),investment,31432.1077,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2025.0 @@ -459,42 +459,42 @@ Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),FOM,17.1,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Th Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),efficiency,0.373,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),investment,132416.1935,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2025.0 Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0 -Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 -Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-charger,investment,598140.7616,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-discharger,efficiency,0.55,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.545 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 -Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,419971.173,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,419971.173,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 +Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-store,FOM,0.3208,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-store,investment,199922.2004,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Liquid Air SB and BOS']}",2025.0 -Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,FOM,0.0447,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,investment,297338.0207,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,FOM,0.038,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,investment,338948.3003,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.5394,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,72977.2095,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 MeOH transport ship,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0 MeOH transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_MeOH,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0 MeOH transport ship,investment,44006711.0399,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2025.0 @@ -516,10 +516,10 @@ NH3 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guess estimated based on H2 (l) tank Ni-Zn-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-bicharger,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['((0.75-0.87)/2)^0.5 mean value of range efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) same as Li-LFP","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-store,FOM,0.2262,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-store,investment,336761.8265,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 OCGT,FOM,1.7795,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M,2015.0 OCGT,VOM,6.0111,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M,2025.0 OCGT,efficiency,0.41,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -533,24 +533,24 @@ PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2888.5279,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2025.0 PHS,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-charger,investment,957815.7129,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-discharger,efficiency,0.63,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.62 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,672508.9048,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,672508.9048,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 +Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-store,FOM,0.1528,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.103 (p.125)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-store,investment,14518.1865,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.92 (p.114)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Molten Salt based SB and BOS']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,efficiency,0.8944,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8^0.5']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,investment,1756657.9565,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Powerhouse Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,investment,71761.1936,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Reservoir Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 SMR,FOM,5.0,%/year,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR,efficiency,0.76,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR,investment,659179.2942,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2025.0 @@ -564,17 +564,17 @@ SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Con SOEC,electricity-input,1.19,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, SOEC,investment,2820.8871,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2025.0 SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, -Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Sand-discharger,efficiency,0.53,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Sand-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Sand-store,investment,8425.2126,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.100 (p.122)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0 Steam methane reforming,investment,627941.6326,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR.,2025.0 Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0 @@ -591,31 +591,31 @@ Steam methane reforming,methane-input,1.483,MWh_CH4/MWh_H2,"Keipi et al (2018): Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8062,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.65^0.5']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,FOM,0.2345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,investment,324483.9347,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-bicharger,efficiency,0.7937,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.63)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-store,FOM,0.1654,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-store,investment,219264.0846,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.48 (p.70) text below Table 4.12","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8307,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.69)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-store,FOM,0.2576,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-store,investment,518407.3478,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8888,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': [' (0.79)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,FOM,0.2244,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,investment,300780.3155,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M,2015.0 air separation unit,electricity-input,0.25,MWh_el/t_N2,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), p.288.","For consistency reasons use value from Danish Energy Agency. DEA also reports range of values (0.2-0.4 MWh/t_N2) on pg. 288. Other efficienices reported are even higher, e.g. 0.11 Mwh/t_N2 from Morgan (2013): Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Ammonia Plants Powered by Offshore Wind .", air separation unit,investment,1035947.761,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0 diff --git a/outputs/costs_2035.csv b/outputs/costs_2035.csv index a7e0ff20..6df1f8cb 100644 --- a/outputs/costs_2035.csv +++ b/outputs/costs_2035.csv @@ -134,24 +134,24 @@ Charging infrastructure fuel cell vehicles trucks,lifetime,30.0,years,PATHS TO A Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,FOM,1.8,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,2020.0 Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,investment,1263.6213,EUR/Lades�ule,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,2025.0 Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,lifetime,30.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,2020.0 -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,efficiency,0.7211,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.52^0.5']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,investment,1189666.0381,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Turbine Compressor BOP EPC Management']}",2025.0 -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB 4.5.2.1 Fixed O&M p.62 (p.84)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,investment,6850.9515,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0 -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Concrete-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Concrete-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Concrete-discharger,efficiency,0.4343,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Concrete-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Concrete-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Concrete-store,investment,30231.6454,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 "Container feeder, ammonia",efficiency,0.7754,MWh/km,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0 "Container feeder, ammonia",investment,46162439.6625,EUR,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2025.0 "Container feeder, ammonia",lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0 @@ -258,21 +258,21 @@ General liquid hydrocarbon storage (product),lifetime,30.0,years,"Stelter and Ni Gravity-Brick-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0 Gravity-Brick-bicharger,efficiency,0.9274,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.86^0.5']}",2020.0 Gravity-Brick-bicharger,investment,522511.1911,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Brick-store,investment,197881.4914,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,investment,459720.1467,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,investment,153086.8088,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,investment,1138087.6802,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-store,investment,120682.1448,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 H2 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,1.7,%/year,"Guidehouse 2020: European Hydrogen Backbone report, https://guidehouse.com/-/media/www/site/downloads/energy/2020/gh_european-hydrogen-backbone_report.pdf (table 3, table 5)","Pessimistic (highest) value chosen for 48'' pipeline w/ 13GW_H2 LHV @ 100bar pressure. Currency year: Not clearly specified, assuming year of publication. Forecast year: Not clearly specified, guessing based on text remarks.",2020.0 H2 (g) fill compressor station,investment,5981.7263,EUR/MW_H2,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 164, Figure 14 (Fill compressor).","Assumption for staging 35→140bar, 6000 MW_HHV single line pipeline. Considering HHV/LHV ration for H2.",2025.0 H2 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 168, Figure 24 (Fill compressor).",,2015.0 @@ -387,17 +387,17 @@ Haber-Bosch,hydrogen-input,1.1484,MWh_H2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low car Haber-Bosch,investment,1675.1865,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0 Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime,2015.0 Haber-Bosch,nitrogen-input,0.1597,t_N2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.",".33 MWh electricity are required for ASU per t_NH3, considering 0.4 MWh are required per t_N2 and LHV of NH3 of 5.1666 Mwh.", -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.4444,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,118324.6775,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),FOM,1.1,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),efficiency,0.48,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),investment,38625.3189,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2025.0 @@ -406,17 +406,17 @@ Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),FOM,13.0,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),efficiency,0.56,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),investment,147862.5491,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2025.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0 -Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-charger,efficiency,0.6963,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-charger,investment,436509.8856,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2025.0 -Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-discharger,efficiency,0.4869,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-discharger,investment,476539.1764,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2025.0 -Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB =(C38+C39)*0.43/4","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-store,investment,6010.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0 -Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 LNG storage tank,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.",Currency year and technology year assumed based on publication date.,2019.0 LNG storage tank,investment,838.182,EUR/m^3,"Hurskainen 2019, https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/liquid-organic-hydrogen-carriers-lohc-concept-evaluation-and-tech pg. 46 (59).",Currency year and technology year assumed based on publication date.,2025.0 LNG storage tank,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.",Currency year and technology year assumed based on publication date.,2019.0 @@ -447,10 +447,10 @@ LOHC unloaded DBT storage,lifetime,30.0,years,,"Based on storage “General liqu Lead-Acid-bicharger,FOM,2.4427,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-bicharger,efficiency,0.8832,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.78^0.5']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-bicharger,investment,162012.1073,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-store,FOM,0.2542,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-store,investment,403140.9306,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),FOM,1.6,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),efficiency,0.215,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),investment,32215.4272,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2025.0 @@ -459,42 +459,42 @@ Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),FOM,16.6,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Th Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),efficiency,0.373,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),investment,135900.2677,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2025.0 Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0 -Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 -Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-charger,investment,598140.7616,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-discharger,efficiency,0.55,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.545 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 -Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,419971.173,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,419971.173,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 +Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-store,FOM,0.3208,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-store,investment,199922.2004,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Liquid Air SB and BOS']}",2025.0 -Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,FOM,0.0447,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,investment,297338.0207,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,FOM,0.038,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,investment,338948.3003,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.5394,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,72977.2095,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 MeOH transport ship,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0 MeOH transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_MeOH,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0 MeOH transport ship,investment,44006711.0399,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2025.0 @@ -516,10 +516,10 @@ NH3 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guess estimated based on H2 (l) tank Ni-Zn-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-bicharger,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['((0.75-0.87)/2)^0.5 mean value of range efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) same as Li-LFP","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-store,FOM,0.2262,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-store,investment,336761.8265,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 OCGT,FOM,1.785,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M,2015.0 OCGT,VOM,6.0111,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M,2025.0 OCGT,efficiency,0.415,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -533,24 +533,24 @@ PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2888.5279,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2025.0 PHS,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-charger,investment,957815.7129,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-discharger,efficiency,0.63,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.62 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,672508.9048,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,672508.9048,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 +Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-store,FOM,0.1528,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.103 (p.125)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-store,investment,14518.1865,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.92 (p.114)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Molten Salt based SB and BOS']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,efficiency,0.8944,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8^0.5']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,investment,1756657.9565,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Powerhouse Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,investment,71761.1936,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Reservoir Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 SMR,FOM,5.0,%/year,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR,efficiency,0.76,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR,investment,659179.2942,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2025.0 @@ -564,17 +564,17 @@ SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Con SOEC,electricity-input,1.17,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, SOEC,investment,2752.0713,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2025.0 SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, -Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Sand-discharger,efficiency,0.53,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Sand-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Sand-store,investment,8425.2126,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.100 (p.122)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0 Steam methane reforming,investment,627941.6326,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR.,2025.0 Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0 @@ -591,31 +591,31 @@ Steam methane reforming,methane-input,1.483,MWh_CH4/MWh_H2,"Keipi et al (2018): Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8062,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.65^0.5']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,FOM,0.2345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,investment,324483.9347,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-bicharger,efficiency,0.7937,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.63)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-store,FOM,0.1654,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-store,investment,219264.0846,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.48 (p.70) text below Table 4.12","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8307,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.69)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-store,FOM,0.2576,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-store,investment,518407.3478,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8888,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': [' (0.79)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,FOM,0.2244,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,investment,300780.3155,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M,2015.0 air separation unit,electricity-input,0.25,MWh_el/t_N2,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), p.288.","For consistency reasons use value from Danish Energy Agency. DEA also reports range of values (0.2-0.4 MWh/t_N2) on pg. 288. Other efficienices reported are even higher, e.g. 0.11 Mwh/t_N2 from Morgan (2013): Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Ammonia Plants Powered by Offshore Wind .", air separation unit,investment,941625.7836,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0 diff --git a/outputs/costs_2040.csv b/outputs/costs_2040.csv index b19e4206..145f7d0b 100644 --- a/outputs/costs_2040.csv +++ b/outputs/costs_2040.csv @@ -134,24 +134,24 @@ Charging infrastructure fuel cell vehicles trucks,lifetime,30.0,years,PATHS TO A Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,FOM,1.8,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,2020.0 Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,investment,1263.6213,EUR/Lades�ule,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,2025.0 Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,lifetime,30.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,2020.0 -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,efficiency,0.7211,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.52^0.5']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,investment,1189666.0381,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Turbine Compressor BOP EPC Management']}",2025.0 -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB 4.5.2.1 Fixed O&M p.62 (p.84)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,investment,6850.9515,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0 -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Concrete-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Concrete-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Concrete-discharger,efficiency,0.4343,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Concrete-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Concrete-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Concrete-store,investment,30231.6454,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 "Container feeder, ammonia",efficiency,0.7754,MWh/km,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0 "Container feeder, ammonia",investment,43964228.25,EUR,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2025.0 "Container feeder, ammonia",lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0 @@ -258,21 +258,21 @@ General liquid hydrocarbon storage (product),lifetime,30.0,years,"Stelter and Ni Gravity-Brick-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0 Gravity-Brick-bicharger,efficiency,0.9274,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.86^0.5']}",2020.0 Gravity-Brick-bicharger,investment,522511.1911,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Brick-store,investment,197881.4914,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,investment,459720.1467,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,investment,153086.8088,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,investment,1138087.6802,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-store,investment,120682.1448,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 H2 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,1.7,%/year,"Guidehouse 2020: European Hydrogen Backbone report, https://guidehouse.com/-/media/www/site/downloads/energy/2020/gh_european-hydrogen-backbone_report.pdf (table 3, table 5)","Pessimistic (highest) value chosen for 48'' pipeline w/ 13GW_H2 LHV @ 100bar pressure. Currency year: Not clearly specified, assuming year of publication. Forecast year: Not clearly specified, guessing based on text remarks.",2020.0 H2 (g) fill compressor station,investment,5981.7263,EUR/MW_H2,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 164, Figure 14 (Fill compressor).","Assumption for staging 35→140bar, 6000 MW_HHV single line pipeline. Considering HHV/LHV ration for H2.",2025.0 H2 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 168, Figure 24 (Fill compressor).",,2015.0 @@ -387,17 +387,17 @@ Haber-Bosch,hydrogen-input,1.1484,MWh_H2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low car Haber-Bosch,investment,1507.3843,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0 Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime,2015.0 Haber-Bosch,nitrogen-input,0.1597,t_N2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.",".33 MWh electricity are required for ASU per t_NH3, considering 0.4 MWh are required per t_N2 and LHV of NH3 of 5.1666 Mwh.", -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.4444,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,118324.6775,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),FOM,1.2,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),efficiency,0.48,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),investment,37015.9307,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2025.0 @@ -406,17 +406,17 @@ Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),FOM,12.7,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),efficiency,0.56,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),investment,151102.7004,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2025.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0 -Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-charger,efficiency,0.6963,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-charger,investment,436509.8856,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2025.0 -Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-discharger,efficiency,0.4869,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-discharger,investment,476539.1764,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2025.0 -Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB =(C38+C39)*0.43/4","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-store,investment,6010.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0 -Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 LNG storage tank,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.",Currency year and technology year assumed based on publication date.,2019.0 LNG storage tank,investment,838.182,EUR/m^3,"Hurskainen 2019, https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/liquid-organic-hydrogen-carriers-lohc-concept-evaluation-and-tech pg. 46 (59).",Currency year and technology year assumed based on publication date.,2025.0 LNG storage tank,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.",Currency year and technology year assumed based on publication date.,2019.0 @@ -447,10 +447,10 @@ LOHC unloaded DBT storage,lifetime,30.0,years,,"Based on storage “General liqu Lead-Acid-bicharger,FOM,2.4427,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-bicharger,efficiency,0.8832,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.78^0.5']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-bicharger,investment,162012.1073,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-store,FOM,0.2542,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-store,investment,403140.9306,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),FOM,1.6,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),efficiency,0.215,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),investment,32900.6745,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2025.0 @@ -459,42 +459,42 @@ Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),FOM,16.2,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Th Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),efficiency,0.373,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),investment,139385.5992,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2025.0 Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0 -Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 -Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-charger,investment,598140.7616,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-discharger,efficiency,0.55,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.545 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 -Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,419971.173,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,419971.173,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 +Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-store,FOM,0.3208,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-store,investment,199922.2004,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Liquid Air SB and BOS']}",2025.0 -Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,FOM,0.0447,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,investment,297338.0207,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,FOM,0.038,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,investment,338948.3003,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.5394,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,72977.2095,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 MeOH transport ship,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0 MeOH transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_MeOH,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0 MeOH transport ship,investment,44006711.0399,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2025.0 @@ -516,10 +516,10 @@ NH3 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guess estimated based on H2 (l) tank Ni-Zn-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-bicharger,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['((0.75-0.87)/2)^0.5 mean value of range efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) same as Li-LFP","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-store,FOM,0.2262,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-store,investment,336761.8265,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 OCGT,FOM,1.7906,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M,2015.0 OCGT,VOM,6.0111,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M,2025.0 OCGT,efficiency,0.42,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -533,24 +533,24 @@ PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2888.5279,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2025.0 PHS,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-charger,investment,957815.7129,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-discharger,efficiency,0.63,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.62 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,672508.9048,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,672508.9048,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 +Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-store,FOM,0.1528,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.103 (p.125)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-store,investment,14518.1865,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.92 (p.114)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Molten Salt based SB and BOS']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,efficiency,0.8944,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8^0.5']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,investment,1756657.9565,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Powerhouse Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,investment,71761.1936,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Reservoir Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 SMR,FOM,5.0,%/year,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR,efficiency,0.76,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR,investment,659179.2942,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2025.0 @@ -564,17 +564,17 @@ SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Con SOEC,electricity-input,1.15,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, SOEC,investment,2683.2555,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2025.0 SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, -Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Sand-discharger,efficiency,0.53,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Sand-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Sand-store,investment,8425.2126,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.100 (p.122)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0 Steam methane reforming,investment,627941.6326,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR.,2025.0 Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0 @@ -591,31 +591,31 @@ Steam methane reforming,methane-input,1.483,MWh_CH4/MWh_H2,"Keipi et al (2018): Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8062,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.65^0.5']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,FOM,0.2345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,investment,324483.9347,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-bicharger,efficiency,0.7937,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.63)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-store,FOM,0.1654,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-store,investment,219264.0846,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.48 (p.70) text below Table 4.12","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8307,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.69)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-store,FOM,0.2576,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-store,investment,518407.3478,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8888,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': [' (0.79)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,FOM,0.2244,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,investment,300780.3155,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M,2015.0 air separation unit,electricity-input,0.25,MWh_el/t_N2,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), p.288.","For consistency reasons use value from Danish Energy Agency. DEA also reports range of values (0.2-0.4 MWh/t_N2) on pg. 288. Other efficienices reported are even higher, e.g. 0.11 Mwh/t_N2 from Morgan (2013): Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Ammonia Plants Powered by Offshore Wind .", air separation unit,investment,847303.8062,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0 diff --git a/outputs/costs_2045.csv b/outputs/costs_2045.csv index c66bed09..9d2c3db4 100644 --- a/outputs/costs_2045.csv +++ b/outputs/costs_2045.csv @@ -134,24 +134,24 @@ Charging infrastructure fuel cell vehicles trucks,lifetime,30.0,years,PATHS TO A Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,FOM,1.8,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,2020.0 Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,investment,1263.6213,EUR/Lades�ule,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,2025.0 Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,lifetime,30.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,2020.0 -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,efficiency,0.7211,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.52^0.5']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,investment,1189666.0381,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Turbine Compressor BOP EPC Management']}",2025.0 -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB 4.5.2.1 Fixed O&M p.62 (p.84)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,investment,6850.9515,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0 -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Concrete-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Concrete-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Concrete-discharger,efficiency,0.4343,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Concrete-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Concrete-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Concrete-store,investment,30231.6454,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 "Container feeder, ammonia",efficiency,0.7754,MWh/km,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0 "Container feeder, ammonia",investment,43964228.25,EUR,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2025.0 "Container feeder, ammonia",lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0 @@ -258,21 +258,21 @@ General liquid hydrocarbon storage (product),lifetime,30.0,years,"Stelter and Ni Gravity-Brick-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0 Gravity-Brick-bicharger,efficiency,0.9274,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.86^0.5']}",2020.0 Gravity-Brick-bicharger,investment,522511.1911,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Brick-store,investment,197881.4914,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,investment,459720.1467,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,investment,153086.8088,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,investment,1138087.6802,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-store,investment,120682.1448,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 H2 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,1.7,%/year,"Guidehouse 2020: European Hydrogen Backbone report, https://guidehouse.com/-/media/www/site/downloads/energy/2020/gh_european-hydrogen-backbone_report.pdf (table 3, table 5)","Pessimistic (highest) value chosen for 48'' pipeline w/ 13GW_H2 LHV @ 100bar pressure. Currency year: Not clearly specified, assuming year of publication. Forecast year: Not clearly specified, guessing based on text remarks.",2020.0 H2 (g) fill compressor station,investment,5981.7263,EUR/MW_H2,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 164, Figure 14 (Fill compressor).","Assumption for staging 35→140bar, 6000 MW_HHV single line pipeline. Considering HHV/LHV ration for H2.",2025.0 H2 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 168, Figure 24 (Fill compressor).",,2015.0 @@ -387,17 +387,17 @@ Haber-Bosch,hydrogen-input,1.1484,MWh_H2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low car Haber-Bosch,investment,1331.5106,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0 Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime,2015.0 Haber-Bosch,nitrogen-input,0.1597,t_N2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.",".33 MWh electricity are required for ASU per t_NH3, considering 0.4 MWh are required per t_N2 and LHV of NH3 of 5.1666 Mwh.", -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.4444,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,118324.6775,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),FOM,1.2,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),efficiency,0.48,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),investment,35406.5424,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2025.0 @@ -406,17 +406,17 @@ Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),FOM,12.4,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),efficiency,0.56,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),investment,154575.4585,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2025.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0 -Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-charger,efficiency,0.6963,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-charger,investment,436509.8856,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2025.0 -Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-discharger,efficiency,0.4869,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-discharger,investment,476539.1764,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2025.0 -Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB =(C38+C39)*0.43/4","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-store,investment,6010.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0 -Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 LNG storage tank,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.",Currency year and technology year assumed based on publication date.,2019.0 LNG storage tank,investment,838.182,EUR/m^3,"Hurskainen 2019, https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/liquid-organic-hydrogen-carriers-lohc-concept-evaluation-and-tech pg. 46 (59).",Currency year and technology year assumed based on publication date.,2025.0 LNG storage tank,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.",Currency year and technology year assumed based on publication date.,2019.0 @@ -447,10 +447,10 @@ LOHC unloaded DBT storage,lifetime,30.0,years,,"Based on storage “General liqu Lead-Acid-bicharger,FOM,2.4427,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-bicharger,efficiency,0.8832,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.78^0.5']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-bicharger,investment,162012.1073,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-store,FOM,0.2542,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-store,investment,403140.9306,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),FOM,1.6,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),efficiency,0.215,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),investment,33457.6737,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2025.0 @@ -459,42 +459,42 @@ Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),FOM,15.8,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Th Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),efficiency,0.373,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),investment,142869.6734,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2025.0 Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0 -Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 -Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-charger,investment,598140.7616,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-discharger,efficiency,0.55,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.545 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 -Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,419971.173,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,419971.173,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 +Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-store,FOM,0.3208,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-store,investment,199922.2004,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Liquid Air SB and BOS']}",2025.0 -Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,FOM,0.0447,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,investment,297338.0207,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,FOM,0.038,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,investment,338948.3003,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.5394,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,72977.2095,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 MeOH transport ship,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0 MeOH transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_MeOH,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0 MeOH transport ship,investment,44006711.0399,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2025.0 @@ -516,10 +516,10 @@ NH3 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guess estimated based on H2 (l) tank Ni-Zn-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-bicharger,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['((0.75-0.87)/2)^0.5 mean value of range efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) same as Li-LFP","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-store,FOM,0.2262,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-store,investment,336761.8265,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 OCGT,FOM,1.7964,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M,2015.0 OCGT,VOM,6.0111,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M,2025.0 OCGT,efficiency,0.425,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -533,24 +533,24 @@ PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2888.5279,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2025.0 PHS,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-charger,investment,957815.7129,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-discharger,efficiency,0.63,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.62 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,672508.9048,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,672508.9048,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 +Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-store,FOM,0.1528,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.103 (p.125)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-store,investment,14518.1865,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.92 (p.114)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Molten Salt based SB and BOS']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,efficiency,0.8944,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8^0.5']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,investment,1756657.9565,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Powerhouse Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,investment,71761.1936,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Reservoir Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 SMR,FOM,5.0,%/year,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR,efficiency,0.76,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR,investment,659179.2942,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2025.0 @@ -564,17 +564,17 @@ SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Con SOEC,electricity-input,1.13,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, SOEC,investment,2617.7966,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2025.0 SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, -Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Sand-discharger,efficiency,0.53,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Sand-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Sand-store,investment,8425.2126,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.100 (p.122)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0 Steam methane reforming,investment,627941.6326,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR.,2025.0 Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0 @@ -591,31 +591,31 @@ Steam methane reforming,methane-input,1.483,MWh_CH4/MWh_H2,"Keipi et al (2018): Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8062,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.65^0.5']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,FOM,0.2345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,investment,324483.9347,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-bicharger,efficiency,0.7937,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.63)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-store,FOM,0.1654,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-store,investment,219264.0846,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.48 (p.70) text below Table 4.12","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8307,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.69)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-store,FOM,0.2576,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-store,investment,518407.3478,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8888,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': [' (0.79)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,FOM,0.2244,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,investment,300780.3155,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M,2015.0 air separation unit,electricity-input,0.25,MWh_el/t_N2,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), p.288.","For consistency reasons use value from Danish Energy Agency. DEA also reports range of values (0.2-0.4 MWh/t_N2) on pg. 288. Other efficienices reported are even higher, e.g. 0.11 Mwh/t_N2 from Morgan (2013): Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Ammonia Plants Powered by Offshore Wind .", air separation unit,investment,748444.8272,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0 diff --git a/outputs/costs_2050.csv b/outputs/costs_2050.csv index 8e01a1c2..f4da8ad0 100644 --- a/outputs/costs_2050.csv +++ b/outputs/costs_2050.csv @@ -134,24 +134,24 @@ Charging infrastructure fuel cell vehicles trucks,lifetime,30.0,years,PATHS TO A Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,FOM,1.8,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,2020.0 Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,investment,1263.6213,EUR/Lades�ule,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,2025.0 Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,lifetime,30.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Charging infrastructure slow (purely) battery electric vehicles passenger cars,2020.0 -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,FOM,0.9265,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86) Figure 4.14","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,efficiency,0.7211,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.52^0.5']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,investment,1189666.0381,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Turbine Compressor BOP EPC Management']}",2025.0 -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'pair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB 4.5.2.1 Fixed O&M p.62 (p.84)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,investment,6850.9515,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.64 (p.86)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0 -Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Compressed-Air-Adiabatic-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['pair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Concrete-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Concrete-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Concrete-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Concrete-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'concrete'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Concrete-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Concrete-discharger,efficiency,0.4343,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Concrete-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Concrete-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Concrete-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Concrete-store,investment,30231.6454,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Concrete-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['concrete'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 "Container feeder, ammonia",efficiency,0.7754,MWh/km,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0 "Container feeder, ammonia",investment,43964228.25,EUR,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2025.0 "Container feeder, ammonia",lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_maritime_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport.xlsx","Container feeder, ammonia",2023.0 @@ -258,21 +258,21 @@ General liquid hydrocarbon storage (product),lifetime,30.0,years,"Stelter and Ni Gravity-Brick-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0 Gravity-Brick-bicharger,efficiency,0.9274,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.86^0.5']}",2020.0 Gravity-Brick-bicharger,investment,522511.1911,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Brick-bicharger,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravity', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Brick-store,investment,197881.4914,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Brick-store,lifetime,41.7,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.36","{'carrier': ['gravity'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,investment,459720.1467,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywa', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,investment,153086.8088,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Aboveground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywa'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,FOM,1.5,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.76 (p.98) Sentence 1 in 4.7.2 Operating Costs","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['1.5 percent of capital cost']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,efficiency,0.9014,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level ((0.785+0.84)/2)^0.5']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,investment,1138087.6802,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 0% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Underground-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['elec', 'gravitywu', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Gravity-Water-Underground-store,investment,120682.1448,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.71 (p.94) text at the bottom speaks about 15% cost reduction for 2030 compared to 2021","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Gravitational Capital (SB+BOS)']}",2025.0 -Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Gravity-Water-Underground-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.77 (p.99) Table 4.37","{'carrier': ['gravitywu'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 H2 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,1.7,%/year,"Guidehouse 2020: European Hydrogen Backbone report, https://guidehouse.com/-/media/www/site/downloads/energy/2020/gh_european-hydrogen-backbone_report.pdf (table 3, table 5)","Pessimistic (highest) value chosen for 48'' pipeline w/ 13GW_H2 LHV @ 100bar pressure. Currency year: Not clearly specified, assuming year of publication. Forecast year: Not clearly specified, guessing based on text remarks.",2020.0 H2 (g) fill compressor station,investment,5981.7263,EUR/MW_H2,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 164, Figure 14 (Fill compressor).","Assumption for staging 35→140bar, 6000 MW_HHV single line pipeline. Considering HHV/LHV ration for H2.",2025.0 H2 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), pg. 168, Figure 24 (Fill compressor).",,2015.0 @@ -387,17 +387,17 @@ Haber-Bosch,hydrogen-input,1.1484,MWh_H2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low car Haber-Bosch,investment,1155.6369,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0 Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime,2015.0 Haber-Bosch,nitrogen-input,0.1597,t_N2/MWh_NH3,"DECHEMA 2017: DECHEMA: Low carbon energy and feedstock for the European chemical industry (https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry.pdf), pg. 57.",".33 MWh electricity are required for ASU per t_NH3, considering 0.4 MWh are required per t_N2 and LHV of NH3 of 5.1666 Mwh.", -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'salthight'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.4444,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 HighT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,118324.6775,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +HighT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['salthight'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),FOM,1.2,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),efficiency,0.48,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),investment,33797.1541,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (passenger cars),2025.0 @@ -406,17 +406,17 @@ Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),FOM,12.2,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),efficiency,0.56,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),investment,158059.5327,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2025.0 Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Hydrogen fuel cell (trucks),2020.0 -Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-charger,FOM,0.6345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-charger,efficiency,0.6963,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-charger,investment,436509.8856,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Electrolyzer']}",2025.0 -Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-charger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-discharger,FOM,0.5812,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-discharger,efficiency,0.4869,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133) include inverter 0.98 & transformer efficiency 0.98 ","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-discharger,investment,476539.1764,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Fuel Cell']}",2025.0 -Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-discharger,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB =(C38+C39)*0.43/4","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Hydrogen-store,investment,6010.0,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.113 (p.135)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Cavern Storage']}",2025.0 -Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Hydrogen-store,lifetime,30.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.111 (p.133)","{'carrier': ['h2cavern'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 LNG storage tank,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.",Currency year and technology year assumed based on publication date.,2019.0 LNG storage tank,investment,838.182,EUR/m^3,"Hurskainen 2019, https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/liquid-organic-hydrogen-carriers-lohc-concept-evaluation-and-tech pg. 46 (59).",Currency year and technology year assumed based on publication date.,2025.0 LNG storage tank,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.",Currency year and technology year assumed based on publication date.,2019.0 @@ -447,10 +447,10 @@ LOHC unloaded DBT storage,lifetime,30.0,years,,"Based on storage “General liqu Lead-Acid-bicharger,FOM,2.4427,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-bicharger,efficiency,0.8832,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.78^0.5']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-bicharger,investment,162012.1073,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lead-Acid-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lead', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-store,FOM,0.2542,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Lead-Acid-store,investment,403140.9306,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lead-Acid-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.33 (p.55)","{'carrier': ['lead'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),FOM,1.6,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),efficiency,0.215,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),investment,33797.1541,EUR/PKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (passenger cars),2025.0 @@ -459,42 +459,42 @@ Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),FOM,15.5,%,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM Th Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),efficiency,0.373,per unit,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0 Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),investment,146355.0049,EUR/LKW,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2025.0 Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),lifetime,15.0,years,PATHS TO A CLIMATE-NEUTRAL ENERGY SYSTEM The German energy transformation in its social context. https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/publications/studies/paths-to-a-climate-neutral-energy-system.html,Liquid fuels ICE (trucks),2020.0 -Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 -Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-charger,investment,598140.7616,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lair'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-discharger,efficiency,0.55,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.545 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 -Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,419971.173,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-discharger,investment,419971.173,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 +Liquid-Air-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-store,FOM,0.3208,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Liquid-Air-store,investment,199922.2004,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Liquid Air SB and BOS']}",2025.0 -Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Liquid-Air-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['lair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-LFP-bicharger,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'lfp', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,FOM,0.0447,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,investment,297338.0207,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-LFP-store,lifetime,16.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['lfp'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,efficiency,0.9193,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8452^0.5']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-NMC-bicharger,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nmc', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,FOM,0.038,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,investment,338948.3003,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Lithium-Ion-NMC-store,lifetime,13.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.24 (p.46)","{'carrier': ['nmc'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,efficiency,0.5394,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 LowT-Molten-Salt-store,investment,72977.2095,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.98 (p.120)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +LowT-Molten-Salt-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['saltlowt'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 MeOH transport ship,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0 MeOH transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_MeOH,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2020.0 MeOH transport ship,investment,44006711.0399,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .",,2025.0 @@ -516,10 +516,10 @@ NH3 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guess estimated based on H2 (l) tank Ni-Zn-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-bicharger,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['((0.75-0.87)/2)^0.5 mean value of range efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) same as Li-LFP","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Ni-Zn-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'nizn', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-store,FOM,0.2262,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Ni-Zn-store,investment,336761.8265,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Ni-Zn-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['nizn'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 OCGT,FOM,1.8023,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Fixed O&M,2015.0 OCGT,VOM,6.0111,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Variable O&M,2025.0 OCGT,efficiency,0.43,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -533,24 +533,24 @@ PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2888.5279,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2025.0 PHS,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-charger,FOM,0.366,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Charger']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-charger,investment,957815.7129,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Figure 9 of reference roughly 80% of capital cost are power related 47%/80% of costs are required for liquefaction (charging)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-charger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phes'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-discharger,FOM,0.5212,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-discharger,efficiency,0.63,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE 0.62 assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,672508.9048,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, NULL","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-discharger,investment,672508.9048,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, str","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 +Pumped-Heat-discharger,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-store,FOM,0.1528,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.103 (p.125)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Pumped-Heat-store,investment,14518.1865,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.92 (p.114)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Molten Salt based SB and BOS']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Heat-store,lifetime,33.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['phes'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,FOM,0.9951,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, Figure 4.16","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,efficiency,0.8944,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.8^0.5']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,investment,1756657.9565,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Powerhouse Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-bicharger,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'phs', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,FOM,0.43,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,investment,71761.1936,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['Reservoir Construction & Infrastructure']}",2025.0 -Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Pumped-Storage-Hydro-store,lifetime,60.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.68 (p.90)","{'carrier': ['phs'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['mechanical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 SMR,FOM,5.0,%/year,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR,efficiency,0.76,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR,investment,659179.2942,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2025.0 @@ -564,17 +564,17 @@ SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Con SOEC,electricity-input,1.11,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, SOEC,investment,2552.3377,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2025.0 SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, -Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 +Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,181297.9281,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2025.0 -Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 -Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 +Sand-charger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 +Sand-discharger,FOM,0.2688,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, str","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on discharger']}",2020.0 Sand-discharger,efficiency,0.53,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-discharger,investment,725191.7123,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 80% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Discharge']}",2025.0 -Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Sand-discharger,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['discharger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Sand-store,FOM,0.3308,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p 104 (p.126)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['not provided calculated as for hydrogen']}",2020.0 Sand-store,investment,8425.2126,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.100 (p.122)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['SB and BOS 0.85 of 2021 value']}",2025.0 -Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Sand-store,lifetime,35.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['sand'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0 Steam methane reforming,investment,627941.6326,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR.,2025.0 Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW).,2015.0 @@ -591,31 +591,31 @@ Steam methane reforming,methane-input,1.483,MWh_CH4/MWh_H2,"Keipi et al (2018): Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['30% assumed of power components every 10 years']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8062,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['AC-AC efficiency at transformer level 0.65^0.5']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'vanadium', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,FOM,0.2345,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.28 (p.50)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['0.43 % of SB']}",2020.0 Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,investment,324483.9347,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Vanadium-Redox-Flow-store,lifetime,12.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.42 (p.64)","{'carrier': ['vanadium'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-bicharger,efficiency,0.7937,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.63)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Air-bicharger,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znair', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-store,FOM,0.1654,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Zn-Air-store,investment,219264.0846,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.48 (p.70) text below Table 4.12","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Air-store,lifetime,25.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znair'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,FOM,2.1198,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8307,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25 ","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['(0.69)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,investment,102540.0181,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Flow-bicharger,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbrflow', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-store,FOM,0.2576,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Flow-store,investment,518407.3478,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Flow-store,lifetime,10.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.27","{'carrier': ['znbrflow'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,FOM,2.4395,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, p.51-52 in section 4.4.2","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Guesstimate 30% assumed of power components every 10 years ']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,efficiency,0.8888,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.25","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': [' (0.79)^0.5 efficiency is not RTE but single way AC-store conversion']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,investment,162225.1483,EUR/MW,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['Power Equipment']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Nonflow-bicharger,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'znbr', 'elec'], 'technology_type': ['bicharger'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,FOM,0.2244,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, 0.43 % of SB","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['derived']}",2020.0 Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,investment,300780.3155,EUR/MWh,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81) Table 4.14","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['DC storage block']}",2025.0 -Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['NULL']}",2020.0 +Zn-Br-Nonflow-store,lifetime,15.0,years,"Viswanathan_2022, p.59 (p.81)","{'carrier': ['znbr'], 'technology_type': ['store'], 'type': ['electrochemical'], 'note': ['str']}",2020.0 air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M,2015.0 air separation unit,electricity-input,0.25,MWh_el/t_N2,"DEA (2022): Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (https://ens.dk/en/our-services/projections-and-models/technology-data/technology-data-renewable-fuels), p.288.","For consistency reasons use value from Danish Energy Agency. DEA also reports range of values (0.2-0.4 MWh/t_N2) on pg. 288. Other efficienices reported are even higher, e.g. 0.11 Mwh/t_N2 from Morgan (2013): Techno-Economic Feasibility Study of Ammonia Plants Powered by Offshore Wind .", air separation unit,investment,649585.8482,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment,2025.0 diff --git a/scripts/compile_cost_assumptions.py b/scripts/compile_cost_assumptions.py index 29a8bb75..94160a3c 100644 --- a/scripts/compile_cost_assumptions.py +++ b/scripts/compile_cost_assumptions.py @@ -3806,17 +3806,24 @@ def add_energy_storage_database( df = df.drop(columns=["ref_size_MW", "EP_ratio_h"]) df = df.fillna(df.dtypes.replace({"float64": 0.0, "O": "NULL"})) df.loc[:, "unit"] = df.unit.str.replace("NULL", "per unit") + df.loc[(df["parameter"] == "efficiency") & (df["unit"].isna()), "unit"] = "per unit" # b) Change data to PyPSA format (aggregation of components, units, currency, etc.) df = clean_up_units(df, "value") # base clean up # rewrite technology to be charger, store, discharger, bidirectional-charger df.loc[:, "carrier"] = df.carrier.str.replace("NULL", "") - df.loc[:, "carrier"] = df["carrier"].apply(lambda x: x.split("-")) - carrier_list_len = df["carrier"].apply(lambda x: len(x)) - carrier_str_len = df["carrier"].apply(lambda x: len(x[0])) - carrier_first_item = df["carrier"].apply(lambda x: x[0]) - carrier_last_item = df["carrier"].apply(lambda x: x[-1]) + df["carrier"] = ( + df["carrier"] + .fillna("") + .astype(str) + .str.strip() + .apply(lambda x: x.split("-") if x else []) + ) + carrier_list_len = df["carrier"].apply(len) + carrier_str_len = df["carrier"].apply(lambda x: len(x[0]) if len(x) > 0 else 0) + carrier_first_item = df["carrier"].apply(lambda x: x[0] if len(x) > 0 else "") + carrier_last_item = df["carrier"].apply(lambda x: x[-1] if len(x) > 0 else "") bicharger_filter = carrier_list_len == 3 charger_filter = (carrier_list_len == 2) & (carrier_first_item == "elec") discharger_filter = (carrier_list_len == 2) & (carrier_last_item == "elec") @@ -3937,7 +3944,8 @@ def add_energy_storage_database( or tech_name == "Pumped-Heat-store" ): x1 = pd.concat( - [x, pd.DataFrame(other_segments_points)], ignore_index=True + [x.reset_index(drop=True), pd.Series(other_segments_points)], + ignore_index=True, ) y1 = y factor = 5 @@ -3950,7 +3958,7 @@ def add_energy_storage_database( number_of_terms=i + 1, ) y1 = pd.concat( - [y1, pd.DataFrame([cost_at_year])], ignore_index=True + [y1, pd.Series([cost_at_year])], ignore_index=True ) f = interpolate.interp1d( x1.squeeze(), @@ -3960,7 +3968,8 @@ def add_energy_storage_database( ) elif tech_name == "Hydrogen-charger": x2 = pd.concat( - [x, pd.DataFrame(other_segments_points)], ignore_index=True + [x.reset_index(drop=True), pd.Series(other_segments_points)], + ignore_index=True, ) y2 = y factor = 6.5 @@ -3971,7 +3980,7 @@ def add_energy_storage_database( number_of_terms=i + 1, ) y2 = pd.concat( - [y2, pd.DataFrame([cost_at_year])], ignore_index=True + [y2, pd.Series([cost_at_year])], ignore_index=True ) f = interpolate.interp1d( x2.squeeze(), @@ -3981,7 +3990,8 @@ def add_energy_storage_database( ) else: x3 = pd.concat( - [x, pd.DataFrame(other_segments_points)], ignore_index=True + [x.reset_index(drop=True), pd.Series(other_segments_points)], + ignore_index=True, ) y3 = y factor = 2 @@ -3992,7 +4002,7 @@ def add_energy_storage_database( number_of_terms=i + 1, ) y3 = pd.concat( - [y3, pd.DataFrame([cost_at_year])], ignore_index=True + [y3, pd.Series([cost_at_year])], ignore_index=True ) f = interpolate.interp1d( x3.squeeze(), @@ -4038,7 +4048,10 @@ def add_energy_storage_database( df = pd.concat([df, df_new], ignore_index=True) # d) Combine metadata and add to cost database + df["source"] = df["source"].fillna("").astype(str) + df["reference"] = df["reference"].fillna("").astype(str) df.loc[:, "source"] = df["source"] + ", " + df["reference"] + df["note"] = df["note"].fillna("NULL").astype(str) for i in df.index: df.loc[i, "further description"] = str( {