diff --git a/src/normalize.jl b/src/normalize.jl
index 7770ef8..b98cab0 100644
--- a/src/normalize.jl
+++ b/src/normalize.jl
@@ -587,9 +587,11 @@ function _portable_schema_ids(context::NormalizationContext, schemas)
         registry,
         context.resolver.root.resource.retrieval,
     )
-    labels = Dict{Resources.ResourceId,String}(
-        primary.id => "root-" * first(_content_digest(primary.contents), 20),
-    )
+    # The primary label is constant. Labels of referenced resources derive from
+    # their parent label and reference location, so an unrelated root edit must
+    # not rotate every generated schema ID. IDs are scoped to one generated
+    # module, and the "external-" and "resource-" prefixes cannot collide with it.
+    labels = Dict{Resources.ResourceId,String}(primary.id => "root")
 
     references = collect(getfield(template, :references))
     while true
diff --git a/test/references.jl b/test/references.jl
index c429c0e..b602fc3 100644
--- a/test/references.jl
+++ b/test/references.jl
@@ -315,6 +315,104 @@
         @test !occursin("token=secret", credentialed)
     end
 
+    @testset "generated schema IDs survive unrelated root edits" begin
+        schema_ids(source) = [
+            match.captures[1] for match in eachmatch(
+                r"^    \(id = \"([^\"]+)\", retrieval = "m,
+                source,
+            )
+        ]
+        response(schema) = OpenAPI.obj(
+            "200" => OpenAPI.obj(
+                "description" => "value",
+                "content" => OpenAPI.obj(
+                    "application/json" => OpenAPI.obj("schema" => schema),
+                ),
+            ),
+        )
+        document = minimal_openapi(
+            "3.1.1",
+            OpenAPI.obj(
+                "/local" => OpenAPI.obj(
+                    "get" => OpenAPI.obj(
+                        "operationId" => "getLocal",
+                        "responses" => response(
+                            OpenAPI.obj("\$ref" => "#/components/schemas/Local"),
+                        ),
+                    ),
+                ),
+                "/value" => OpenAPI.obj(
+                    "get" => OpenAPI.obj(
+                        "operationId" => "getValue",
+                        "responses" => response(
+                            OpenAPI.obj("\$ref" => "./common.json#/\$defs/Value"),
+                        ),
+                    ),
+                ),
+            ),
+        )
+        document["components"] = OpenAPI.obj(
+            "schemas" => OpenAPI.obj(
+                "Local" => OpenAPI.obj(
+                    "type" => "object",
+                    "required" => ["name"],
+                    "properties" => OpenAPI.obj(
+                        "name" => OpenAPI.obj("type" => "string"),
+                    ),
+                ),
+            ),
+        )
+        common = OpenAPI.obj(
+            "\$defs" => OpenAPI.obj(
+                "Value" => OpenAPI.obj(
+                    "type" => "object",
+                    "required" => ["id", "nested"],
+                    "properties" => OpenAPI.obj(
+                        "id" => OpenAPI.obj("type" => "integer"),
+                        "nested" => OpenAPI.obj("\$ref" => "./nested.json"),
+                    ),
+                ),
+            ),
+        )
+        nested = OpenAPI.obj(
+            "type" => "object",
+            "properties" => OpenAPI.obj("flag" => OpenAPI.obj("type" => "boolean")),
+        )
+        directory = mktempdir()
+        write(joinpath(directory, "common.json"), JSON.json(common))
+        write(joinpath(directory, "nested.json"), JSON.json(nested))
+        path = joinpath(directory, "openapi.json")
+        write(path, JSON.json(document))
+        before = OpenAPI.client(path; name = "StableIdClient")
+
+        edited = deepcopy(document)
+        edited["info"]["version"] = "2.0.0"
+        edited["info"]["description"] = "An unrelated root edit."
+        write(path, JSON.json(edited))
+        after = OpenAPI.client(path; name = "StableIdClient")
+
+        ids = schema_ids(before)
+        @test length(ids) == 3
+        @test "https://openapi.invalid/schema/root.json" in ids
+        @test count(id -> occursin("/schema/external-", id), ids) == 2
+        @test schema_ids(after) == ids
+
+        # Only the header and the embedded root document change.
+        before_lines = split(before, '\n')
+        after_lines = split(after, '\n')
+        @test length(before_lines) == length(after_lines)
+        changed = [
+            index for index in eachindex(before_lines)
+            if before_lines[index] != after_lines[index]
+        ]
+        @test length(changed) == 2
+        @test startswith(after_lines[changed[1]], "# Generated by OpenAPI.jl")
+        @test startswith(
+            after_lines[changed[2]],
+            "    (id = \"https://openapi.invalid/schema/root.json\"",
+        )
+    end
+
     @testset "HTTP origin policy and redirects" begin
         external_schema = JSON.json(
             OpenAPI.obj(