diff --git a/src/lib_ccx/ccx_decoders_708.c b/src/lib_ccx/ccx_decoders_708.c
index 38a218025..5fa723cb4 100644
--- a/src/lib_ccx/ccx_decoders_708.c
+++ b/src/lib_ccx/ccx_decoders_708.c
@@ -1837,7 +1837,8 @@ void dtvcc_process_current_packet(dtvcc_ctx *dtvcc, int len)
 			dtvcc->report->services[service_number] = 1;
 		}
 
-		if (service_number > 0 && dtvcc->services_active[service_number - 1])
+		// Without an encoder (e.g. --out=report) only record which services are present
+		if (service_number > 0 && dtvcc->services_active[service_number - 1] && dtvcc->encoder)
 			dtvcc_process_service_block(dtvcc, &dtvcc->decoders[service_number - 1], pos, block_length);
 
 		pos += block_length; // Skip data
diff --git a/src/lib_ccx/ccx_decoders_708_output.c b/src/lib_ccx/ccx_decoders_708_output.c
index 569fa5c4e..bf228aa91 100644
--- a/src/lib_ccx/ccx_decoders_708_output.c
+++ b/src/lib_ccx/ccx_decoders_708_output.c
@@ -136,15 +136,36 @@ void dtvcc_change_pen_attribs(dtvcc_tv_screen *tv, dtvcc_pen_attribs pen_attribs
 	}
 }
 
-size_t write_utf16_char(unsigned short utf16_char, char *out)
+// UTF-16 and UCS-2 are fixed-width: every character, ASCII included, takes 2 bytes
+static int is_utf16_charset(const char *charset)
 {
-	// Always write 2 bytes for consistent UTF-16BE encoding.
-	// Previously, this function wrote 1 byte for ASCII characters and 2 bytes
-	// for non-ASCII, creating an invalid mix that iconv couldn't handle properly.
-	// This caused garbled output with Japanese/Chinese characters (issue #1451).
-	out[0] = (unsigned char)(utf16_char >> 8);
-	out[1] = (unsigned char)(utf16_char & 0xff);
-	return 2;
+	const char *names[] = {"UTF-16", "UTF16", "UTF_16", "UCS-2", "UCS2", "UCS_2"};
+	char upper[64];
+	size_t i;
+
+	for (i = 0; charset[i] && i < sizeof(upper) - 1; i++)
+		upper[i] = (char)toupper((unsigned char)charset[i]);
+	upper[i] = '\0';
+
+	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(names) / sizeof(names[0]); i++)
+		if (strstr(upper, names[i]))
+			return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+size_t write_utf16_char(unsigned short utf16_char, char *out, int use_utf16)
+{
+	// UTF-16/UCS-2 output needs 2 bytes for every character (issue #1451). Otherwise ASCII
+	// takes 1 byte, so the output is plain text without a charset and variable-width
+	// charsets such as EUC-KR work (issue #1065).
+	if (use_utf16 || (utf16_char >> 8))
+	{
+		out[0] = (unsigned char)(utf16_char >> 8);
+		out[1] = (unsigned char)(utf16_char & 0xff);
+		return 2;
+	}
+	out[0] = (unsigned char)(utf16_char & 0xff);
+	return 1;
 }
 
 void dtvcc_write_row(dtvcc_writer_ctx *writer, dtvcc_service_decoder *decoder, int row_index, struct encoder_ctx *encoder, int use_colors)
@@ -156,6 +177,7 @@ void dtvcc_write_row(dtvcc_writer_ctx *writer, dtvcc_service_decoder *decoder, i
 	int first, last;
 
 	int fd = encoder->dtvcc_writers[tv->service_number - 1].fd;
+	int use_utf16 = writer->charset && is_utf16_charset(writer->charset);
 
 	dtvcc_pen_color pen_color = dtvcc_default_pen_color;
 	dtvcc_pen_attribs pen_attribs = dtvcc_default_pen_attribs;
@@ -175,12 +197,12 @@ void dtvcc_write_row(dtvcc_writer_ctx *writer, dtvcc_service_decoder *decoder, i
 		pen_attribs = tv->pen_attribs[row_index][i];
 		if (i < first)
 		{
-			size_t size = write_utf16_char(' ', buf + buf_len);
+			size_t size = write_utf16_char(' ', buf + buf_len, use_utf16);
 			buf_len += size;
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			size_t size = write_utf16_char(tv->chars[row_index][i].sym, buf + buf_len);
+			size_t size = write_utf16_char(tv->chars[row_index][i].sym, buf + buf_len, use_utf16);
 			buf_len += size;
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/src/lib_ccx/ccx_decoders_708_output.h b/src/lib_ccx/ccx_decoders_708_output.h
index ab9e62935..e9d6c383f 100644
--- a/src/lib_ccx/ccx_decoders_708_output.h
+++ b/src/lib_ccx/ccx_decoders_708_output.h
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ void dtvcc_get_write_interval(dtvcc_tv_screen *tv, int row_index, int *first, in
 void dtvcc_color_to_hex(int color, unsigned *hR, unsigned *hG, unsigned *hB);
 void dtvcc_change_pen_colors(dtvcc_tv_screen *tv, dtvcc_pen_color pen_color, int row_index, int column_index, struct encoder_ctx *encoder, size_t *buf_len, int open);
 void dtvcc_change_pen_attribs(dtvcc_tv_screen *tv, dtvcc_pen_attribs pen_attribs, int row_index, int column_index, struct encoder_ctx *encoder, size_t *buf_len, int open);
-size_t write_utf16_char(unsigned short utf16_char, char *out);
+size_t write_utf16_char(unsigned short utf16_char, char *out, int use_utf16);
 void dtvcc_write_row(dtvcc_writer_ctx *writer, dtvcc_service_decoder *decoder, int row_index, struct encoder_ctx *encoder, int use_colors);
 void dtvcc_write_srt(dtvcc_writer_ctx *writer, dtvcc_service_decoder *decoder, struct encoder_ctx *encoder);
 void dtvcc_write_debug(dtvcc_tv_screen *tv);
diff --git a/src/lib_ccx/ccx_decoders_common.c b/src/lib_ccx/ccx_decoders_common.c
index 55c6e78ab..f3c4b6502 100644
--- a/src/lib_ccx/ccx_decoders_common.c
+++ b/src/lib_ccx/ccx_decoders_common.c
@@ -40,6 +40,54 @@ LLONG get_visible_end(struct ccx_common_timing_ctx *ctx, int current_field)
 	return fts;
 }
 
+#ifdef DISABLE_RUST
+// C counterpart of ccxr_process_cc_data() and do_cb_dtvcc_rust(): give every CEA-708
+// block to the C decoder before do_cb() runs, with the same rules as the Rust build
+static int process_cc_data_dtvcc(struct lib_cc_decode *ctx, const unsigned char *cc_data, int cc_count)
+{
+	int ret = -1;
+
+	if (cc_count <= 0 || cc_count > HDCC_MAX_TRIPLETS_PER_SLOT)
+		return -1;
+
+	for (int j = 0; j < cc_count * 3; j += 3)
+	{
+		// validate_cc_data_pair() may change the block, and do_cb() still needs the original
+		unsigned char block[3] = {cc_data[j], cc_data[j + 1], cc_data[j + 2]};
+		if (validate_cc_data_pair(block))
+			continue;
+		ret = 0;
+
+		if (ctx->write_format != CCX_OF_DVDRAW && ctx->write_format != CCX_OF_RAW &&
+		    (block[0] == 0xFA || block[0] == 0xFC || block[0] == 0xFD) && (block[1] & 0x7F) == 0 && (block[2] & 0x7F) == 0)
+			continue;
+
+		unsigned char cc_valid = (block[0] & 4) >> 2;
+		unsigned char cc_type = block[0] & 3;
+		if (!(cc_valid || cc_type == 3) || cc_type < 2)
+			continue;
+
+		// Like do_cb_dtvcc_rust(), the time is taken before current_field is set to 3
+		LLONG current_time = ctx->timing ? get_fts(ctx->timing, ctx->current_field) : 0;
+		int timeok = 1;
+		ctx->current_field = 3;
+		if (ctx->extraction_start.set && current_time < ctx->extraction_start.time_in_ms)
+			timeok = 0;
+		if (ctx->extraction_end.set && current_time > ctx->extraction_end.time_in_ms)
+		{
+			timeok = 0;
+			ctx->processed_enough = 1;
+		}
+		if (timeok && ctx->write_format != CCX_OF_RAW)
+		{
+			unsigned char temp[4] = {cc_valid, cc_type, block[1], block[2]};
+			dtvcc_process_data(ctx->dtvcc, temp);
+		}
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+#endif
+
 int process_cc_data(struct encoder_ctx *enc_ctx, struct lib_cc_decode *dec_ctx, unsigned char *cc_data, int cc_count, struct cc_subtitle *sub)
 {
 	int ret = -1;
@@ -50,7 +98,11 @@ int process_cc_data(struct encoder_ctx *enc_ctx, struct lib_cc_decode *dec_ctx,
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+#ifndef DISABLE_RUST
 	ret = ccxr_process_cc_data(dec_ctx, cc_data, cc_count);
+#else
+	ret = process_cc_data_dtvcc(dec_ctx, cc_data, cc_count);
+#endif
 
 	for (int j = 0; j < cc_count * 3; j = j + 3)
 	{